Tests minimization

With the exception of saturated zinc bromide, all of the fluids tested minimized permeability damage relative to fresh water which reduced permeability an average of 54% for three cores. 

In mice, the intravenous LD50 was greater than 25 mg/kg, and the MEDjq (median effective dose) was 0.1 mg/kg, for a safety margin greater than 250. In the dog, slight hypertension was seen at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. In monkeys trained on a visual discrimination test, minimal behavioral effects were seen at 0.316 mg/kg, and moderate to marked effects at 1.0 mg/kg. 

Measured quantity Measurement principle Tested minimal measurement range... 

The blister test has several advantages. It does not need any mechanical grip to the film to initiate a debonding. The uniformly distributed axisymmetric debonding angle close to the circular crack tip is smaller than with any other mechanical test. Thus the blister test minimizes the energy dissipation more effectively than any other test method. 

Logically, the accuracy of parameter estimation using this simulation method depends on the quality of the model function chosen. An inadequate model results in pseudokinetic parameters. The fitting of simulation to experimental data is carried out with the aid of statistical criteria such as the F-test, minimizing deviations erf ... 

Automatic tests the reduced time required for testing minimizes the time of partial unavailability of part of the system. 

The bent strip test is especially appropriate for testing minimally relaxing thermoplastics as well as for testing finished parts, if strip-shaped, flat specimens can be... 

Formylation reactions have also been found to work with zinc catalysts (Scheme 17.2)." The synthesis of primaiy amides from formic acid and amines requires milder conditions. ZnCla is inexpensive and environmentally benign. Although this method proved successful for the synthesis of primary amides, when longer chain carbojqrlic acids were tested, minimal conversion into the secondary amide was observed, therefore limiting its use for the production of all amides. 

The sum of the squared differences between calculated and measures pressures is minimized as a function of model parameters. This method, often called Barker s method (Barker, 1953), ignores information contained in vapor-phase mole fraction measurements such information is normally only used for consistency tests, as discussed by Van Ness et al. (1973). Nevertheless, when high-quality experimental data are available. Barker s method often gives excellent results (Abbott and Van Ness, 1975). 

So in order to improve selective characteristics of eddy current testing one should minimize phase change under interference factors influence. Analysis of the above characteristics has indicated that in case of interacting under-surface defects, there is an optimal frequency providing the best sensitivity to defect in amplitude. 

The resulting field at the contact point with the material to be tested can be assimilated to a material point. The influence of the lateral field is considerably minimized. 

This work allows the optimization of the testing conditions in order to minimize human error in the inteipretation and obtaining of an reproducible and clear anomaly spectrum. 

The new ultrasonic test system ISONIC minimizes the influence of human factors and allows even higher reliability compared with most of the automatic scanners. 

The probability of a type 1 error is inversely related to the probability of a type 2 error. Minimizing a type 1 error by decreasing a, for example, increases the likelihood of a type 2 error. The value of a chosen for a particular significance test, therefore, represents a compromise between these two types of error. Most of the examples in this text use a 95% confidence level, or a = 0.05, since this is the most frequently used confidence level for the majority of analytical work. It is not unusual, however, for more stringent (e.g. a = 0.01) or for more lenient (e.g. a = 0.10) confidence levels to be used. 

As a vessel is loaded, it moves downward because of deflection of the load cells and support stmcture. Pipes rigidly attached to a vessel restrict its free movement and assume some portion of the load that cannot be measured by the load cells. This is very detrimental to scale accuracy. Deflection of the load cell is unavoidable deflection of the vessel support stmcture should be minimized. Anything which increases vessel deflection, eg, mbber pads used for shock protection, must be avoided. The total number of pipes should be minimized and be of the smallest diameter, thinnest wall possible. Pipe mns to weigh vessels must be horizontal and the first pipe support should be as far as possible from the vessel. Alternatively, a section of mbber hose or flexible bellows should be used to make the final connection to the vessel. The scale should be caUbrated using weights, not by means of an electrical simulation method, which cannot account for the effects of the piping or test the correct functioning of the scale. 

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