Testing methods image analysis

Physical testing appHcations and methods for fibrous materials are reviewed in the Hterature (101—103) and are generally appHcable to polyester fibers. Microscopic analyses by optical or scanning electron microscopy are useful for evaluating fiber parameters including size, shape, uniformity, and surface characteristics. Computerized image analysis is often used to quantify and evaluate these parameters for quaUty control. 

Morphometric and stereological research methods are valuable quantitative tools for toxicological studies. However, these methods can be very labour intensive and therefore are infrequently used for toxicity evaluation studies. Computerized image analysis may solve some of these problems in the fiiture. Other automated quantitative methods, such as flow cytometry, have also been used (Kangasniemi et al., 1990 Toppari et al., 1990). However, these are not routine techniques and are not incorporated in any testing guidelines at present. 

NF X11 -696 Test methods for particle size analysis through image analysis, 144... 

This book contains papers from the Fourth International Conference on Computational Methods and Experiments in Materials Characterisation which brought researchers who use computational methods, those who perform experiments, and of course those who do both, in all areas of materials characterisation, to discuss their recent results and ideas, in order to foster the multidisciplinary approach that has become necessary for the study of complex phenomena. The papers in the book cover the follow topics Advances in Composites Ceramics and Advanced Materials Alloys Cements Biomaterials Thin Films and Coatings Imaging and Image Analysis Thermal Analysis New Methods Surface Chemistry Nano Materials Damage Mechanics Fatigue and Fracture Innovative Computational Techniques Computational Models and Experiments Mechanical Characterisation and Testing. 

Certain manufacturers have begun to include control materials in test kits (e.g., Dako s HER2 kit), especially when graded interpretation (quantification) is required. These are valuable for determining levels of intensity. As described, computer image analysis methods are... 

Leveling is the measure of the ability of a paint to flow out after application (e.g., to obliterate brush marks). It is measured by comb tests. Theoretical correlations have been established between viscosity measurements and practical results. Surface irregularities can be sensed mechanically and visualized with modern methods of image analysis [9.8]. 

As for immersion tests, also in cabinet tests the corrosion effects are evaluated by weight loss, appearance, metallographic examination, changes in electrical and mechanical properties, with evaluation criteria prescribed by standards. It is worthwhile to note that the evaluation of corrosion effects based on visual appearance often is subjective. Some objective method should be used, such as image analysis, with the aim of minimising the influence of human factor in the post-test evaluation. 

Prospective flax fiber tests include a standard test method for flax fiber bundle strength and elongation similar to the Stelometer, fiber length and distribution, fineness distribution via image analysis, wax content via NIR, density measurement, and numerous flax mat characterization tests. Prior work has indicated that NIR spectroscopy has potential for determining wax content in flax fibers (Sohn et al. 2006). Potential standards could exist for farmers to predict fiber content in stems in the field by near-infrared spectroscopy (Barton et al. 2002). The Composites Innovation Center (QC) in Winnipeg is working on a system to characterize flax fiber mats and subsequent composites. 

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