Temperature dependence, of ionic

Figure 3 Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for polymers 1 and 2 in the presence of various lithium salts.

In the presence of lithium salts, the temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for the polymer electrolytes obtained was evaluated. In the presence of LiCF3S03,... 

Figure 12 (a) Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity, (b) VFT plots for polymer/salt hybrids 10. 

Equation (3.9) clearly indicates that ionic conductivity could be improved by lowering the Tg of the system. The difference in the temperature dependences of ionic conductivity (and viscosity) for ion-conductive glass-forming materials has been discussed by Angell et al. using fragility parameters [115]. 

Diffusion coefficients provide two kinds of information. First, their absolute magnitudes, combined with membrane sodium ion concentrations, are useful indicators of the temperature dependence of ionic self-diffusion and thereby they yield the activation energy for diffusion. They thereby provide insight into the nature of the diffusion mechanism (16). When activation energies are measured for various types of related membranes, the influence of different membrane structural design features can thus be separated and determined directly. 

Extensive experiments have been carried out on the effect of impurity ions on the kinetics of decomposition, the optical properties, and the temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of several azides in an attempt to determine the nature and concentration of the species in the material. Torkar and colleagues studied the kinetics and conductivity of pure and doped sodium azide [97] and observed that cationic impurities and anionic vacancies speed up decomposition by acting as electron traps which facilitate the formation of nitrogen from N3. They also found that the activation energy for ionic conductivity was close to that for decomposition, implying a diffusion-controlled mechanism of decomposition. These results are qualitatively in accord with the microscopic observations of decomposition made by Secco [25] and Walker et al. [26]. 

Alben, J. O., and L. Y. Fager. 1972. Infrared studies of azide bound to myoglobin and hemoglobin temperature dependence of ionic-ity. Biochemistry 11 842. 

Figure 1. Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of microcrystalline acceptor stabilized zirconia. Data taken from [1-4], Solid lines represent the result of fitting the model (Eq.5) to experimental results [8], The insert is the dependence of the conductivity activation energy as a function of acceptor radius.

The path for ion motion and the temperature dependence of ionic conductivity in SEs and LEs are very different. 

The temperature dependence of ionic reactions at constant pressure in near-and supercritical water shows a typical non-Arrhenius behavior. If free-radical reactions are important for the global rate, the Arrhenius plot may even become more comphcated by the superposition and interaction of the two mechanisms. Figure 7.8 shows the Arrhenius plot of the glycerol degradation in near- and supercritical water at 45 MPa. Here, the overlay of ionic and free-radical reactions is responsible for such an unusual shape. (For details see [128].)... 

Figure 20.5 Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of composite membrane based on sulfonated six-membered polyimide with an lEC of 2.15 meqg". Reproduced with permission from Ref. [21).

Fig. 2.33 Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for 1 M LiBF4/EC-l-DEC-l-TEP (55 25 20) solution (open triangle), 1 M LiBF4/EC-l-DEC-l-TEP (55 25 20) gel (NPGE, open circle), and 1 M L1BF4/EC-I-DEC-I-TEP (55 25 20)-l-LAP gel (NPGE-LAP, //e4 circle)...

Figure 14. (a) Doping level dependence of ionic conductivity of copolymer III50 at room temperature. (b) Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of acid doped Copolymers Ileo (-A-) (acid doping level 190 vrt.%), Vso (- -) (acid doping level 200 wt.%), and VI90 (- -) (acid doping level 270 wt.%.) Anhydrous conditions.Copolymers are shown in Fig. 10. 

Fig. 5.20 (a) Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for the Copolymer XVn (x = 75) with DLacid = 160 wt% (filled square) Copolymer XVIIcl (x = 75) with DLacid = 140 wt% (open and Copolymer XVIIcl = 70) with DLacid = 195 wt% (open circle). Membrane thicknesses 140, 120, and 110 pm. 

Fig, 5.22 (a) Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for the cross-linked in acid Copolymer XXcL-add with DLacid = 280 wt% (filled circle) and 350 wt% (filled square). Reproduced from [25] with permission of Elsevier, (b) current-voltage curves of a Copolymer XXcL-ad[Pg.123]

The driving force for the inverse temperature dependence of ionic surfactants when compared to nonionic surfactants lies in the behaviour of the binary water/surfactant mixtures. In contrast to mixtures of ethoxylated alcohols and water, which become less miscible with water and de-mix and exhibit a cloud point upon heating (see Figure 4.4), ionic surfactants become more miscible with water (10). 

Fig. 315. Cu(en)3S04 single crystal. Temperature dependence of ionic anisotropy (X — Kj ), shown by full line and that of the setting position of the crystal [73M45].

In early studies [78], the effect of temperature on LJP was considered exclusively in terms of Eq. (3.7). It was believed that the increase of T in RT/F multiplier is compensated partly or completely by temperature dependences of ionic mobilities. Much later Thermal LJP (TUP) phenomenon was treated theoretically for balanced external pressure [79]. For the junction of two solutions of equal concentrations (the solvent and electrolyte has one common ion) with the temperatures Ti and T2 (T2 > T ), the equation for temperature-induced contribution contains new parameters the entropies of the transport of individual -th ions (Si) ... 

FIGURE 6.20 Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity for PE0-LiC104 complexes. (Adapted from... 

Fig. 19 Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of PA-doped 2,5-PPBI and 2,6-PPBI membranes...

Temperature Dependences of Ionic Conductivity and Anion Defect Positions... 

Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of composites formed by adding different fillers to PEO and LiBp4 (8 1) (a) no filler, (b) micro MgO filler, and (c) nano MgO filler. (Adapted from Kumar, B. et al., /. Electrochem. Soc. 148 A1191-A1195,2001.)... 

Fig. 9.8 (a) Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of the ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte film. Inset The corresponding log (a T ) vs 1/(T - To) plot, (b) Cyclic voltammetry curves of EDLC cells at different scan rates. On the graph, there is a picture of a transparent and free-standing gel polymer electrolyte film, (c) Variation in the capacitance values of the EDLC cells [110]... 

Fig. 7.6 a Arrhenius fitting curves about reciprocal temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of different composite gel polymer electrolytes (frequency range from 0.1 to 100 kHz, amplitude of 5 mV) Schematic representation of ionic conduction channel in CGPEs (or GPE) b pure PVDF, c PVDF/Si02, and d PVDF/Si02-PAALi. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [66] Copyright 2014 Elsevier... 

Fig. 6. Temperature dependence of ionic conductivity (a), effective magnetic moment (]iea), and its derivative dfiesldT of [Pi4,6,6,6]2[Co(DBSQ)2(bpy(CCX3)2)]. A vertical dotted line indicates the equilibrium temperature (Yoshida et al., 2009).

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