Tanks light

During the course of operations such as filling and draining tanks and vessels, light hydrocarbons are lost. These losses are expressed as volume per cent of liquid. According to Nelson (1958), the losses can be evaluated by the equation (/ (/... 

MP-suspension by automated ASTM-bulb Magnetization current by Hall-Sensor Magnetization time UV-Light intensity All Liquids (fluorescence, contamination) Process times and temperatures Function of spraying nozzles, Level of tanks Flow rates (e.g. washing, water recycling) UV-Light intensity... 

Figure 13 shows a typical iastallation of a differential pressure instmment for closed tanks. Connections from the instmments are made to taps ia the vessel at minimum and maximum levels. Between the instmment and the maximum level tap is a constant reference leg. This leg is filled with Hquid until its head is equivalent to the head of the Hquid ia the vessel at maximum level. The reference leg must remain constant, with no formation of vapor under varying ambient conditions. On some appHcations it may be necessary to fiH the reference leg with a Hquid, such as water or a light oil, that remains stable. If the Hquid used ia the reference leg has a higher specific gravity than the Hquid ia the tank, the resulting difference ia head must be corrected for ia the iastmment. Most differential pressure measuriag instmments are equipped mechanically to suppress this difference. 

Storage. Phenol is shipped in dmms, tank tmcks, and tank cars. It is loaded and shipped at elevated temperatures as a bulk Hquid. In storage, phenol may acquire a yeUow, pink, or brown discoloration which makes it unusable for some purposes. The discoloration is promoted by the action of water, light, air, and catalysts, eg, traces of iron or copper. When stored as a solid in the original dmm or in nickel, glass-lined, or tanks lined with baked phenolic resin, phenol remains colorless for a number of weeks. 

Liquid sulfur dioxide discolors iron, copper, and brass at ca 300 ppm moisture and produces light scale at ca 0.1 wt % moisture and serious corrosion at ca 0.2 wt % or higher moisture content. Copper and brass can be used to handle wet sulfur dioxide where some corrosion can be tolerated, or where the moisture level is low. Wooden tanks are widely used for sulfurous acid preparation, handling, and storage. Sulfite pulp digestors are made of steel lined with acid-resistant brick. 

Technical 48% and 62% acids are colorless to light yellow Hquids available in dmms, 15,140-L tank trailers, and 37,850-L tank cars. They are classified under DOT regulations as corrosive materials. Anhydrous hydrogen bromide is available in cylinders, under its vapor pressure of approximately 2.4 MPa (350 psi) at 25°C. It is classified as a nonflammable gas. 

Experimental data taken from the chlorination of toluene in a continuous stirred tank flow reactor at 111°C and irradiated with light of 500 nm wavelength yield a product distribution shown in Table 1 (1). 

Fire Hazard. Although chlorosulfuric acid itself is not dammable, it may cause ignition by contact with combustible materials because of the heat of reaction. Open fires, open lights, and matches should not be used in or around tanks or containers where hydrogen gas may be collected because of the action of chlorosulfuric acid on metals. Water, carbon dioxide, and dry-chemical fire extinguishers should be kept readily available. 

When hydrogen recovery is unsafe or otherwise impractical it is vented into the cell room or tank house. The light weight and high diffusion rate of hydrogen and good cell room ventilation have made this an accepted practice. 

Rolling oil tanks were corroded on surfaces contacting the emulsion. Small pitlike depressions were present beneath aluminum soap deposits. Each pit was surrounded by a lightly etched region exactly mirroring deposit patterns (Fig. 6.26). 

The body of an aircraft, the hull of a spacecraft, the fuel tank of a rocket these are examples of pressure vessels which must be as light as possible. 

Slides Springs of various types multi-leaf springs on trucks, automobiles, steam locomotives, etc. light pressure vessels - e.g. aeroplane fuselages cheap pressure vessels - e.g. water tanks, nuclear reactor vessels metal rolling stand. 

Monitoring the cathodic protection of filter tanks extends to the control of protection current levels with the use of ammeters and/or current-operated light diodes. The internal condition of tanks should be inspected visually every 2 years. 

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