Tamoxifen ovarian cancer

Williams CJ. Tamoxifen for relapse of ovarian cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1999. Issue 4. 

The hydroxyl derivative, hydroxyferrocifen, shown below, also inhibits cell growth in kidney cancer and ovarian cancer cell lines. Live animal tests in rats and mice show that some of the hydroferrocifen derivatives are less toxic than tamoxifen itself... 

Cook LS, Weiss NS, Schwartz SM, White E, McKnight B, Moore DE, et al. (1995) Population-based study of tamoxifen therapy and subsequent ovarian, endometrial, and breast cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 87 1359-1364... 

Some helpful evidence comes from related fields. It should be borne in mind, for example, that the question of an increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer also arises in patients with estrogen-producing tumors of the ovaries, obesity, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (101) and in patients with breast cancer who are using tamoxifen (102). 

Distante V, Bolognesi A, Aldrighetti D, Farris A. Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil versus tamoxifen plus ovarian suppression as adjuvant treatment of estrogen receptor-positive pre-/perimenopausal breast cancer patients results of the Italian Breast Cancer Adjuvant Study Group 02 randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 2000 18(14) 2718-27. 

Mourits MJ, de Vries EG, Willemse PH, ten Hoor KA, Hollema H, Sluiter WJ, de Bruijn HW, van der Zee AG. Ovarian cysts in women receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1999 79(ll-12) 1761-4. 

McGonigle KF, Vasilev SA, Odom-Maryon T, Simpson JF. Ovarian histopathology in breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen. Gynecol Oncol 1999 73(3) 402-6. 

Cohen I, Figer A, Tepper R, Shapira J, Altaras MM, Yigael D, Beyth Y. Ovarian overstimulation and cystic formation in premenopausal tamoxifen exposure comparison between tamoxifen-treated and nontreated breast cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 1999 72(2) 202-7. 

Premature ovarian failure can be induced in offspring exposed in utero by active metabolites such as 6-mercaptopurine. Tamoxifen (treatments for breast cancer) and clomiphene (to induce ovulation) are antiestrogens that can inhibit uterine decidual induction in pseudopregnant rats. 

Tanioxircn hits seen extensive use in treating primary breast cancers that arc ER dependent, For premenopausal women with metastatic disease, tamoxifen is an alternative and adjuvant with oophorectomy, ovarian irradiation, and mastectomy. Tamoxifen u.se. however, is not problem free. Tamoxifen increases the incidence of endometrial polyps. hyperplasia, and carcinoma and uterine sarcomas. The risk of endometrial cancer resulting from tamoxifen is. however. much lower than the "modest but highly significant reductions in morbidity and mortality of breast cancer." Becau.se of the increased risk of endometrial cancer with tamoxifen therapy, tamoxifen. should be u.sed to prevent breast cancer only in women at high ri.sk. Women without a family history of breast cancer or other risks should not use tamoxifen in this manner. 

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