Synthetic polymers Tableting

In conventional tabletting, powder particles are made to adhere with binding materials (granulation). Generally, the solutions of natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic polymers are used for granulation (solutions of gelatine, cellulose ethers, and polyvinyl alcohol). 

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Acacia is a natural gum obtained from the acacia trees. It is a complex, loose aggregate of sugars and hemicelluloses. It is commercially available in a powdered form, a granular form, or as a spray-dried product. As a tablet binder, it is used in an aqueous solution or added in dried form prior to moistening with water. Acacia forms very hard tablets, which disintegrate slowly. Aqueous solutions are susceptible to bacterial and enzymatic degradation. It is incompatible with amidopyrine, cresol, phenol, ethanol, ferric salts, and a number of other substances. Acacia, which was widely used in the past as a tablet binder, is rarely used today, in favor of one of the many synthetic polymers. 

K. Sakeer, H. Al-Zein, 1. Hassan, G.P. Martin, A. Nokhodchi, Use of xcmthcm and its binary blends with synthetic polymers to design controlled release formulations of buccoadhesive nystatin tablets, Pharm Dev Technol, 15 (4), 360-368,2010. 

A. Bhowmik, R.S. Nijhu, T. Ahmed, S. Sultana. Design and development of atenolol matrix tablet employing natural and synthetic polymers. / App/ Pharm Sci. 3 (9) 103-108,2013. 

The main oudet (65%) for pure g. is the food market confectionery, desserts, dairy products and carmed meats are only a few products wiiere g. is used. In the pharmaceutical industry (10%), the most important application is for the manufacture of capsules. Another use is as tablet binder. An old but sensitive application is photographic emulsions (20%). No synthetic polymer has succeeded to at-... 

The term bioadhesion ean be defined as the ability of a material (synthetic or natural) to stick (adhere) to a biological tissue for extended periods of time [27]. The phenomenon of bioadhesion can be visualized as a two-step process. The first step involves the initial contaet between polymer and the biological tissue. The second step is the formation of seeondary bonds due to noncovalent interactions. The strength of bioadhesion (expressed as the foree of detachment) for a novel oligosaccharide gum Hakea Gibbosa) contained in a buccal tablet developed by Alur et al. [28,29]... 

The stereoselective release behaviors of low-swelling molecularly imprinted polymer bead matrices in pressed-coat tablets were studied using either R- or S-propranolol selective MIPs. The in vitro release profiles of the low-swelling matrices showed a difference in the release of enantiomers, in that the nontemplate isomer was released faster than the template isomer. However, in the last phase of dissolution this difference was reduced and later reversed [64]. Stereoselectivity of release profiles for propranolol enantiomers were identified in MIP synthetic membranes from tablet formulations with significant differences between enantiomers [65]. Release of the enantiomer used as the print was always faster than the... 

Historically, several adhesives have been derived from natural carbohydrate polymers. In a few cases, such polymers have been utilized because of their own particular adhesive properties. However, natural carbohydrate polymers are usually used as modifiers for more costly synthetic resins, especially as thickeners, colloidal stabilizers, and flow controllers. Adhesive uses for natural gums include pressure-sensitive tape, denture adhesives, pharmaceutical tablet binders, household products, and label pastes [17]. 

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