Synergists advantages

If the effort of finding suitable templates and synthetic routes is greater than the synergistic advantage the concept presents, it may be more efficient to design sets of libraries instead, which in the best case would not share any part of the synthetic scheme at all. An intermediate approach would be to design and synthesize libraries from libraries, that is, the design of several compound libraries in parallel and interdependent fashion in order to increase structural diversity [72]. 

Ahuja V. and Green R. (1998) Carbon dioxide removal from air for alkaline fuel cells operating with liquid nitrogen - a synergistic advantage . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 23(20), 131-137. 

A well-accepted definition of nanocomposite material is that one of the phases has dimensions in the order of nanometers [51]. Roy et al. [52] present in their paper on alternative perspectives on nanocomposites a summary of features of particle properties when particle size decreases beyond a critical size. As dimensions reach nanoranges, interactions improve dramatically at the interfaces of phases, as do the effect of surface area/volume on the structure-property relationship of the material [53]. There is definite increase in the modulus of the material reinforced with composites, higher dimensional stability to thermal treatment, as well as enhanced barrier, membrane (conductive properties) and flame resistance. Thus, as Paul and Robeson [54] rightly put it, the synergistic advantage of nanoscale dimensions ( nano effect ) relative to larger-scale modifications is an important consideration ... 

Less polysaccharide can also be used in products by taking advantage of the synergistic gelling of xanthan/galactomannan mixtures which forms thermoreversible gels at lower concentrations than if each is used separately. 

An interesting development is the combination of HPLC and on-line measurement of reducing capacity or antioxidative activity. This approach allows both direct identification of antioxidative species in complex foods and quantification of the contribution to the overall antioxidative capacity in the absence of synergistic and antagonistic effects. Major advantages are less sample handling and the ability to rim large series of samples in an automated process. 

In the CIT/MIT blend the chlorinated species has by far the greater biocidal efficacy but is also the less stable of the two components. Although MIT alone has relatively low antimicrobial performance it has recently been discovered that this compound has truly synergistic activity when combined with BIT and such a blend has several advantages over CIT/MIT products. 

Significant improvements in yields or reaction conditions can be achieved, together with considerable simplification of operating procedures. The powerful synergistic combination of PTC and microwave techniques has certainly enabled an ever increasing number of reactions to be conducted under clean and mild conditions. The inherent simplicity of the method can, furthermore, be allied with all the advantages of solvent-free procedures in terms of reactivity, selectivity, economy, safety, and ease in manipulation. 

The achievement of synergistic antimicrobial activity is advantageous for infections caused by gram-negative bacilli in immunosuppressed patients. 

Food odors are also important as attractants for traps both on their own or in combination with pheromone lures as synergists or additive attractants. Food odors can be used to improve the capture of species that do not have commercially available pheromone lures, of females that do not respond to traps with sex pheromones, and of immature stages. In a number of situations, pheromones combined with food odor are more attractive then either alone (Landolt and Phillips, 1997 Phillips et al., 1993 Trematerra and Girgenti, 1989). Food odor has an advantage over food bait packs because typically the insect is unable to develop on the chemical fraction containing the attractant in contrast to food bait packs. The effectiveness of food attractants can be diminished in environments that contain other food odors. 

The most common chain extenders are the dianhydrides (also known as tetracar-boxylic dianhydrides). The most common of these is pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). The latter can be used in synergistic combinations with hindered phenolic aromatic phosphates such as IRGANOX 1425 manufactured by Ciba Geigy [6-8], The hindered phenolic aromatic phosphate is used at levels of 0.1-2.5 wt%. The hindered phenolic aromatic phosphate is an advantageous co-synergist since it... 

---