Synchrotron radiation-induced x-ray

Total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis Electron microprobe analysis Particle induced X-ray emission Synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission... 

Rizzo R, Grandolfo M, Godeas C, Jones KW and ViTTUR F (1995) Calcium, sulfur, and zinc distribution in normal and arthritic articular equine cartilage a synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission (SRIXE) study. J Exp Zool 273 82-86. 

SXRF synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission spectrometry (see SRXRF)... 

SXRIE synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission spectrometry (see SRXRF) synapse junction (site of excitation transfer) betv een tivo nerves or between a nerve and a muscle... 

Janssens K, Vincze L, Adams F, Jones KW (1993) Synchrotron-radiation-induced X-ray-microanalysis. Anal Chim Acta 283 98-110... 

Jenkins R (1999) X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY Jones KW, Berry WJ, Borsay DJ, Cline HT, Conner WC, Fullmer CS (1997) Applications of synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission (SRIXE). X-ray Spectrometry 26 (6) 350-358 Kagoshima Y, Takai K, Ibuki T, Yokoyama Y, Hashida T, Yokoyama K, Takeda S, Urakawa M, Miyamoto N, Tsusake Y, Matsui J, Aino M (2001) Scanning hard X-ray microscope with tantalum phase zone plate at the Hyogo-Bl (BL24XU) of SPring-8. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 467-468 872-876... 

Figure 6 Synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray fiuorescence instrumentation showing, schematicaiiy, the arrangement of sampie and detector in an experimentai enciosure piaced at the end of a synchrotron beam iine.

X-radiation can also be induced by high energy (several Me proton beams from ion accelerators. Such particle-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) (284) is useful for thin samples and particulates, having detection Hmits of g. Intense synchrotron x-ray sources have found appHcations in... 

Janssens, K., Vincze, L., Vekemans, B., et al. (1998b). The non-destructive determination of REE in fossilized bone using synchrotron radiation induced K-line X-ray microfluorescence analysis. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry 363 413 420. 

In our work, we have used one of these photoisomers, [Ru(S02)(NH3)4(H20)j. [tosylate]2, as a test material in the development of photo-induced X-ray crystallographic techniques at the synchrotron radiation source (SRS) at Daresbury UK. Cop-pens and coworkers had shown previously that the tj -S02 group photo-isomerised to the metastable 17 -802 species upon application of light at 355 nm, with the crystal held at 100K [10, 11], During our tests, we first reproduced this result, and then varied several key experimental parameters to observe and to understand better their effect on the resultant refinement of the light-activated crystal stiucture. 

With PIXE (particle-induced X-ray emission analysis) or SYXEA (synchrotron radiation X-ray emission analysis) it is possible to study copper in the amniotic fluid (Napolitano et al. 1994) and copper mobilization in the root tips (Knbchel... 

The boranes nido-B and m do-BioHi4 and carbaboranes n/do-2,3-Et2C2B4H6 and c/oro-l,2-C2BioHi2 have been used as precursors for boron and boron carbide thin films. ISEELS has been used to characterise the molecular precursws at solid surfaces a comparison has been made between the bond lengths determined for the molecular clusters by MNDO calculations and results from X-ray or electron diffraction and from extended EELS fine structure. A study of the deposition of boron carbide films on Si(lll) surfaces from the synchrotron radiation induced decomposition of nido-2,3-diethyldicarbahexaborane has been described. The dissociation of the cluster is the rate determining step in the process. As with the deposition of boron from nido-BioHi4, it is found that thoe is an activation barrier to the dissociation of the boron carbide precursor on Si(l 11) surfaces.43... 

Meirer, F., A. Singh, P. Pianetta, G. Pepponi, F. Meirer, C. Streli, and T. Homma. 2010. Synchrotron radiation-induced total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 29, no. 6 479 96. doi 10.1016/j.trac.2010.04.001. 

The high-intensity and collimated nature of beams from a synchrotron source leads to applications that cannot be accomplished by the other three X-ray sources. For a review of the applications of synchrotron-induced X-rays, see K. W. Jones and B. M. Gordon. Anal. Chem., 1989,6i. 341 A for a discussion of the use of total-reflectance X-ray fluorescence induced by synchrotron radiation, see K. Baur, S. Brennan. P. Pianetta, and R. Opila, Anal. Chem, 2002. 74. 608A. 

In general, micro-CT scanners use micro-focal X-ray sources, except in very special cases where other X-ray sources are applied, such as synchrotron radiation, laser-induced X-ray production, or conventional X-ray tubes (29,30). 

Besides total concentration of multielements, their spatial distribution in samples is also very important in understanding their bioavailability, trophic transfer, and environmental risk. A number of complementary analytical techniques exist for the mapping of elemental distributions in biological tissues including SRXRF (synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence) with microbeam (SR-pXRF), microscopic EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence), microscopic WDX (wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence), microscopic PIXE (particle-induced X-ray emission), laser ablation ICP-MS, microscopic SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry). 

Mommsen, H., A. Brining, H. Dittmann, A. Hein, A. Rosenberg, and G. Sarrazin (1997a), Early Roman cameo glass X ray fluorescence analysis induced by synchrotron radiation (S.I.X.R.E), Glass Sci. Technol. (Glasstechnische Berichte) (July), 211-219. 

Except for in house preliminary studies, the intensities of X-rays diffracted by hydrogenase crystals are now usually obtained with synchrotron radiation (Fig. 6.2) and detected by image plate or charge coupled device (CCD) detectors. To limit the damage induced by the powerful photon flux of synchrotrons, the crystals are usually mounted in a small loop, flash cooled in either liquid propane or nitrogen and stored... 

---