Explosion in Gases

Prior to reading this subject, it is advisable to see Burning (Combustion) and Deflagration of Gases, Vapors and Dusts Detonation and Explosion of Dusts and Mists (Vapors) and Detonation (or Explosion), Development (Transition) from Burning (Combustion) or Deflagration described in this Volume 

All known gases, called real gases, are nonideal, which means that they do not obey the fundamental gas laws and the equation pv =RT [See under Detonation (and Explosion), Equations of State , in this Volume]. Specific heats of real gases vary with temperature and the product composition depends upon both temperature and pressure. 

If the gas were ideal or perfect it would obey the above gas law. In this case, it could be assumed that as the pressure on the gas be- 

Accdg to Cook (Ref 48, p 45), studies of deton of expl mixts oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, acetylene, argon and others covering the range of initial pressures pj from below atmospheric to 50-100 atm, showed that D (pj) frequently followed closely the (constant temperature) relation  

Thus DpJ is the theoretical maximum or hydrodynamic value of the detonation velocity when the initial density and pressure are respectively p J and p°, and D is the theoretical maximum ot hydrodynamic value of the detonation velocity for any other initial density and pressure p and p. respectively /3 is the increase in the hydro-dynamic detonation velocity for a tenfold increase in density or pressure 

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Chushkin, P. I., and L. V. Shurshalov. 1982. Numerical computations of explosions in gases. (Lecture Notes in Physics 170). Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Num. Meth. in Fluid Dynam., 21-42. Berlin Springer Verlag. 

In the previous section we described one type of reaction that can cause an explosion, namely, the situation where fuel and oxidant are mixed in solids or liquids that can release large amounts of energy very quickly. These processes can also occur in premixed gases. An example of useful explosions in gases is the repeated explosions that occur in the automobile engine. However, most examples of explosions in gases are in fact disasters in which products burst walls of containers and cause havoc. 

Detonation, Cylindrical and Spherical in Gases. See under Detonation (and Explosion) in Gases... 

On the Mechanism of Generation of Shock Waves, Their Amplification on Interaction With the Flame and Transition to Detonation , 12thSympCombstn, Poitiers, France (1968) (Pub 1969), pp 149-50, Paper 85 (Abstracts) (Paper not found in published Symposium) [See also Refs under Detonation (and Explosion) in Gases ]... 

Kompaneets (I960), p 74 (Mikhel son Line) Note A more comprehensive description of Mikhel son Line, which we call Rayleigh-Mikhel son Line is given under Detonation (and Explosion) in Gases (Eq 9 Fig A)... 

G. von Elbe, "Combustion, Flames and Explosions in Gases , Academic Press,... 

Belyaev (I960), 49-56 (Thermal explosion in gases) 56-61 (Thermal expln in solids)... 

Explosions in Gases. Determination of Ignition Points. See Vol 4, p D360... 

Gas Pressure Developed on Explosion or Detonation is defined under Pressure of Gases Developed on Explosion or Detonation in Vol 1, p XX. See Also under Detonation (and Explosion) in Gases in Vol 4, p D352... 

Combustion, Flames and Explosion in Gases , 2nd Editn, Academic Press, NY (1961), 322—23 (Dust quenching occurs at a critical value of the surface area of the dust per unit vol of the suspension, and depends on the nature of the salt. Better results are obtained with salts having a mp under 200°. Alkali halides are better than carbonates, potassium better than sodium, fluoride better than iodide and better than chlor-ide. If the dust concentration is high enough, even detonation waves can be extinguished)... 

Lewis, B Von Elbe, G. Combustion, flames and explosions in gases, Acad. Press, New York, London, 1987. 

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