Surgery simulations

H. Delingette, S. Cotin and N. Ayache, Efficient linear elastic models of soft tissues for realtime surgery simulation, Stud. Health Technol. Inform., 1999, 62, 100-101. 

Satava RM, Fried MP (2002) A methodology for objective assessment of errors an example using an endoscopic sinus surgery simulator. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 35 1289-1301... 

Remote-guided surgical navigation in ENT surgery. Stud Health Technol Inform 29 280-282 Uribe JI, Ralph WM Jr, Glaser AY, Fried MP (2004) Learning curves, acquisition, and retention of skills trained with the endoscopic sinus surgery simulator. Am J Rhinol 18 87-92... 

Barnes SZ, Morr DR, Oggero E, Pagnacco G, Berme N (1997) The realization of a haptic (force feedback) interface device for the purpose of angioplasty surgery simulation. Biomed Sci Instrum 33 19-24... 

Sroka G, Feldman LS, Vassiliou MC, Kaneva PA, Fayez R, Fried GM. Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery simulator training to proficiency improves laparoscopic performance in the operating room—a randomized controlled trial. AmJ Surg 2010 199(1) 115—20. 

Hung AJ, Zehnder P, Path MB, et al. Face, content and construct validity of a novel robotice surgery simulator. J Urol 2011 186 1019-24. 

Abboudi H, Khan MS, Ahoumarzouk O, et al. Current status of validation for robotic surgery simulators-a systematic review. BJU Int February 2012 111(2) 194-205. 

Recent years, physically based modelling becomes popular and common in computer graphics. Especially, modelling of deformable object has been discussed for more than a decade[179,180]. This is because deformable model is required for cloth simulation[181] and surgery simulation[182]. Several models are known for simulating deformable objects a finite element model [183], a boundary element model [184], a mass-spring model [181]. 

Cotin, S., Delingette, H., Ayache, N. Real-time elastic deformations of soft tissues for surgery simulation. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 5, 62-73 (1999)... 

Cover, S., Ezquerra, N., O Brian, J., Rowe, R., Gadacz, T., and Palm, E. (1993). Interactively deformable models for surgery simulation, IEEE Computer Graphics Appl. 13,68-75. 

This was demonstrated by GC/MS measurements using a headspace sampler. Equivalent tissue segments of freshly enucleated and vitrectomised eyes of pig were prepared and rinsed for 30 min with PFD after a simulated VR surgery using different types of partially fluorinated liquids as endotamponade media. PFO was used as a reference. At the end of treatment, they were rinsed with PFD to clean the surfaces. 

Table 12. Penetration of ocular tissues of pig eyes in the result of a simulated eye surgery [28]...

Concentration [ppm] in the tissue after a simulated surgery (30 min contact time) ... 

McKellop, H. Shen, F.W. Lu, B. Salovey, R. Campbell, P. The effect of sterilization method and other modifications on the wear resistance of acetabular cups of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. A hip simulator study. J. Bone and Joint Surgery 2000, 82 (12), 1708-1725. 

Placement of an annuloplasty ring is a common surgical approach for treatment of mitral regurgitation. There are currently a number of novel devices designed to simulate suture mitral annuloplasty surgery percuta-neously. All are currently in preclinical and early pilot clinical phase of development. 

Factors involved in thermal regulation will be considered first for near-neutral environments. Then situations which involve greater thermal stress will be considered. Special life support systems designed to enable man to perform useful work in hostile environments will be discussed. Several examples of using deep hypothermia in surgery will be presented also. The paper will conclude with a discussion of mathematical simulation of the human thermal system. 

L.H. Murrer, J.P. Marijnissen, W.M. Star (1998). Monte Carlo simulations for endobronchial photodynamic therapy the influence of variations in optical and geometrical properties and of realistic and eccentric light sources. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 22,193-206. 

Products and Uses Utilized as an aerating agent, gas, anesthetic in dentistry and surgery propellant for food and cosmetic products. Also used in simulated dairy products (whipped creams) and in wine. 

Simulated effect of dose-dense therapy vs. conventional scheduling on log-cell kill in Gompertzian growth. The initial lime zero may represent the lime of initial diagnosis at the time of surgery with subsequent treatment. (Adapted from Norton, L., Theoretical Concepts and the emerging role of taxanes in adjuvant therapy. The Oncologist, 6(3), 30,2001. With permission.)... 

Schroyer, D. (1997), Simulation Supports Ambulatory Surgery Facility Design Decisions, in Proceedings of the 1997 Annual Healthcare Information ami Management Systems Conference, AHA, pp. 95-108. 

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