Surface plasmon polaritons enhancement

Chen J., Shen N.H., Cheng C., Fan X.Y., Ding J.J. and Wang H.T., (2006) Tunable resonance in surface-plasmon-polariton enhanced spontaneous emission using a denser dielectric cladding, Appi. Phys. Lett. 89 051916 Paiella R., (2005) Tunable surface plasmons in coupied metaiio-dieiectric muitiple layers for light-emission efficiency enhancement, Appi. Phys. Lett. 87 111104(2005). 

G. Li, J. Song, J. Zhang, X. Hou, ZnO based UV detectors with Surface Plasmon Polariton enhancement on responsivity. Solid State Electron. 92, 47-51 (2014)... 

Hayazawa, N., Ishitobi, H., Taguchi, A., Ikeda, K., Tarun, A., and Kawata, S. 2007a. Focused excitation of surface plasmon polaritons for efhcient held enhancement based on gapmode in tip-enhanced spectroscopy. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46 7995-99. 

Osawa M (2001) Surface-enhanced infrared absorption. In Kawata S (ed) Near-field optics and surface plasmon polaritons. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 163-187... 

No doubt, the present author has his own private consensus which, in spite of his efforts, may inject itself into the review. In order to offset such an undesirable bias, as much as possible, and perhaps putting the cart before the horse, the author will state here his own conclusions and beliefs I am convinced that electric field amplification and enhanced emission near SERS-active surfaces due to resonating metal excitations (surface-plasmon polaritons, plasmonlike modes, shape resonances, or electron-hole pairs) is an active mechanism in most of the systems studied. However, in most systems, this contribution, though an important one, is minor compared to the total enhancement possible in SERS. The major mechanism, in my opinion, must be a resonance mechanism, in the sense of a resonance Raman process, i.e., a mechanism by which a part of the system (molecule, molecule-metal atoms, metal surface) becomes a strong scatterer by virtue of its large resonance polarizability and not as a result of strong fields exerted by the other parts of the system . 

The enhancement of the electromagnetic fields at the surface of an internally reflecting crystal arise via the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) [30] by the incident IR light. These SPPs are collective electronic excitations at metal surfaces and, theoretically, provide a sensitive probe of the optical properties of the interfacial region via resonance with the in-... 

Collective optical excitations, like surface plasmon-polaritons in partially-ordered metal nanoparticle arrays, tend to be spatially localized. The localization facilitates a giant increase of linear and nonlinear optical responses such as Raman scattering, enhancement of spontaneous emission rate, nonlinear absorption and refraction. In this paper the spectral manifestation of light localization into metal-dielectric nanocomposites i s s tudied i n t he visible. T he e ffect o f t he 1 ateral e lectrodynamic coupling on transmission/reflection optical spectra is investigated for planar silver nanoparticle arrays (random close-packed and polycrystalline quasiregular structures). Combined action of electron and photon confinements is demonstrated experimentally and considered theoretically for ID-photonic crystals consisted of a metal nanoparticle stratified array. 

Instrumentation. In order to employ local enhancement of infrared absorption by surface plasmon polaritons that cause locally enhanced surface electromagnetic fields, a suitable optical arrangement is needed [295]. Surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy can also be observed in the transmission mode [285, 296]. However, since no application of this approach in spectroelectrochemistry has been reported so far, it is not discussed further. 

They correctly recognized that the silver and gold films were not uniform but rather were in the form of islands and assigned the enhancement to collective electron resonances in these metal islands (surface plasmon polaritons, or SPPs) interacting with the molecular vibrations in other words the mechanism that they postulated was analogous to the one responsible for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Therefore,... 

As noted above, previous reports of the SEIRA effect had attributed the enhancement to a similar mechanism similar to the one leading to the SERS effect, namely the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons. " Because the effect was observed with Ni, Pt and Pd as well as Ag, Nakao and Yamada recognized that the effect that they observed was caused by some mechanism other than the effect of excitation of surface plasmon polar-itons. Nakao and Yamada postulated that the effect of multiple reflection in the metal film, of the decrease in penetration depth of the IRE caused by the metal layer and/or the effect of local (chemical) interaction at the metal-sample interface might contribute to the enhancement. However, as will be discussed later in this chapter, none of these putative causes fully explains the enhancement. 

The application of the ATR method in Raman spectroscopy provides a unique way to study essentially mirrorlike polished metals, in particular single crystalline surfaces. The ATR method is used to excite surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) effectively at the smooth metal surface, to improve the sensitivity in Raman spectroscopy by electromagnetic field enhancement [19]. The enhancement of the ATR configuration, as shown in Figs. 8(d and e), with respect to the normal external reflection geometry spans one to three orders, depending on the electrodes and their crystallographic orientations. 

The electromagnetic enhancement mechanism features the major contribution to the overall enhancement of SERS. It is based on the generation of an electromagnetic field at the surface of nanostructured metal surfaces due to the interaction of an incident electromagnetic field and the excitation of localized surface plasmon polaritons. To explain this phenomenon in more detail, a simple model can be used. A simple metal nanosphere with a size smaller than the wavelength of the incident light is considered for this purpose. This metal nanosphere is surrounded by a medium or vacuum with a dielectric constant Eq, and all appearing processes are assumed to be quasi-static. The dielectric constant inside the metal nanosphere is independent of the size of the sphere and is described as follows ... 

Enhancement of Photocurrents in Merocyanine LB Film Cell Utilizing Surface Plasmon Polariton Excitations... 

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