Summer rape

McVetty, P.B.E., W.G.D. Fernando, R. Scarth, and G. Li. 2006a. Red River 1826 Roundup Ready high erucic acid low glucosinolate summer rape. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86 1179-1180. 

Riungu, T.C., and P.B.E. McVetty. 2003. Inheritance of maintenance and restoration of the Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system in summer rape. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83 515-518. 

May, W.E. and Hume, D.J. 1995. Free fatty acids contents in developing seed of three summer rape cultivars in Ontario, Can. J. Plant Sci., 75, 111-116. 

Depending on form, species, and climate, the plant may remain in the rosette stage for as short a period as 30 or as long as 210 days. However, once the day length and temperature trigger floral initiation, the plant bolts rapidly. The development stages of the summer turnip rape have been documented by Harper and Berkenkamp (1975) (Fig. 2). Summer rape follows a similar pattern (Fig. 3). 

Canada is the world s largest producer and exporter of rapeseed, a position achieved largely within the last decade. Except for a small area in British Columbia, all commercial production is in the three Prairie Provinces, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, where it is well adapted to the northern climate, north of the 49° latitude (Table XII). Varieties grown are of the summer rape type no winter rape varieties suited to the Canadian climate are commercially available. 

It was more difficult to develop low erucic acid cultivars for northern Europe because most of the rapeseed in this area is derived from winter rape. European cultivars were highly developed for seed and oil yield more time was required to grow a plant from seed to maturity because a cold treatment (vernalization) was required so that the plant could proceed from vegetative to reproductive development. Furthermore, a characteristic had to be transferred from summer rape to winter rape, a cross that produces a... 

Screening procedures, the analyses and selection of large numbers of cultivars, strains, individual plants and half-seeds carried out in several countries, have been relatively ineffective in establishing genetically controlled low levels of linolenic acid in rape and turnip rape. For this reason, large-scale mutation experiments were initiated in Germany (Robbelen and Ra-kow, 1970) and in France (Morice, 1975). Levels of 3.5% linolenic acid in low erucic acid summer rape selections from the mutation experiments have been reported (Robbelen and Thies, 1980a). 

Double low cultivars (low In erucic acid and glucosinolates) of summer rape, i.e.. Tower (Stefansson and Kondra, 1975) and Erglu (Robbelen, 1976), were developed by backcross methods and released for production in 1974 in Canada and Germany. In Canada the release of other double low... 

Scarth, R., McVetty, P.B.E., Rimmer, S.R. and Stefansson, B.R. (1988) Stellar low linolenic-high linoleic acid summer rape. Can. J. Plant Sci. 68, 509-511. 

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