Roundup ready

Table 11 Primer sequences for PCR analysis of Roundup Ready (RR) Soy...

Roundup, 13 38-39, 19 53, 8 2 Roundup/Glyphosate, 2 549t Roundup Ready cottons, 8 2 Roundup tolerance, engineering, 12 487-490... 

Padgette, S. R., Re, D. B., Barry, G. F. el al. (1994). New weed control opportunities development of soybeans with a Roundup Ready gene. In Herbicide-resistant Crops Agricultural, Economics, Environmental, Regulatory, and Technologycal Aspects, ed. S. O. Duke. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 

Most of the biotechnologically enhanced plant varieties currently on the market express a new protein, which confers the desired phenotype. For example, Roundup Ready varieties express an introduced form of the protein 5-enolpymvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which is slightly different to the endogenous EPSPS protein produced by the plant. This slightly different form is... 

Growers may use glyphosate herbicides, other than those designated by Monsanto, but only if they have been approved for use over Roundup Ready crops, and have been labeled for this use by all required governmental agencies. 

The advantage for the farmer is that he needs only one product, instead of several different selective (and more expensive) herbicides. Roundup ready soybeans were launched in 1996 and today 50 percent of the soybean crop in the United States is derived from roundup ready seeds. Other glyphosate-resistant transgenic crops introduced by Monsanto are maize and oil seed rape. Competing companies also developed herbicide-resistant plants or plants genetically modified to be protected against certain pests, but none has achieved a commercial breakthrough, mainly because of political reasons. 

Herbicide resistance is currently less of a problem than with the other pesticide groups, although, once it occurs, the effects are profound. Instead, the major interest centres around the control of off-target drift (i.e. application issues), specificity and the use (and side-effects) of certain herbicides with genetically modified crops. The examples listed in Table 8.1 indicate the continuing importance of pre-1980 molecules. For instance, glyphosate has become the most important herbicide, with its recent fall in price, broad spectrum of efficacy, low mammalian toxicity and (where GM crops are acceptable) its compatibility with Roundup ready crops. 

Cromwell, G.L. M.D. Lindemann J.H. Randolph G.R. Parker R.D. Coffey K.M. Laurent C.L. Armstrong W.B. Mikel E.P. Stanisiewski G.R Hartnell. Soybean meal from roundup ready or conventional soybeans in diets for growing-finishing swine./. Anim. Sci. 2002, 80, 708—715. 

McVetty, P.B.E., W.G.D. Fernando, R. Scarth, and G. Li. 2006a. Red River 1826 Roundup Ready high erucic acid low glucosinolate summer rape. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86 1179-1180. 

Hagen M, Beneke B (2000). Detection of genetically modified soy (Roundup-Ready) in processed food products. Berl Muench. Tierarztl. Wochenschr., 113(ll-12) 454-458. 

Best known as genes conveying new properties are the EPSPS gene from the plant Petunia hybrida, which codes for tolerance to the herbicide Roundup Ready [this is found in the Roundup Ready soybean (RRS)], and the cry genes from Bacillus... 

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