Sulphuric acid, manufacture

It is extensively used industrially as a catalyst, notably in the oxidation of sulphur dioxide to the trioxide in sulphuric acid manufacture. It is an essentially acidic oxide, dissolving in alkalis to give vanadates however, addition of acid converts the anionic vanadate species to cationic species, by processes which are very complex, but which overall amount to the following ... 

Lead Sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid manufacturer. 

BPM 17 Sulphuric acid (Class II) works. Sulphuric acid manufacture... 

Clow, A. and Clow, N. L., The Chemical Revolution, The Batehworth Press, London, 1952, 140. Imperial Chemical Industries, Sulphuric Acid Manufacture and Use, Kynoch Press, Birmingham, England, 1955, 16. 

Processes 4, 5 and 6 are all essentially one step oxidations of SO2 to SO3 and hence sulphuric acid. The first pair are modified versions of the traditional Contact and Chamber processes for sulphuric acid manufacture, with the principal change being in their ability to accept dilute SO2 gas streams as the feedstock. The use of Activated Carbon as an air oxidation catalyst has clearly received international attention, with success or failure depending to a large extent on subtle modifications in catalyst preparation and catalyst presentation to the reactant gases. Virtually every type of catalyst bed configuration has been explored. 

Manufacture of Sulphuric Aoid.—The principle involved in the mode of working adopted by Dr. Roebuck, who may be considered the first inventor or improver, still continues in vitriol manufactories in fact, from that time may bo dated the actual rise of the sulphuric acid manufacture. 

The burning of pyrites is not quite so simple a matter as the burning of sulphur, as a red heat ia required, Two varieties of pyrites are Ordinarily met with. One kind, of which large quantities are to be found in Wicklow, Ireland, and is imported into this country, to a considerable extent, for the nse of sulphuric acid manufacturers, has the crystalline form of a cube, and is of a bronze-yellow color, very hard, so much so as to strike fire with steel. The following is the composition of a specimen, on the authority of R. D. Thomson—... 

A variety of pyrites, known in the trade as Spanish pyrites, lias cf late been much employed. This is much richer in copper than the Wicklow species. On the introduction of this mineral, it was usual for the sulphuric acid manufacturer to engage to return tha... 

With respect to its concentration in lead a variety of plans are in use for this purpose. Much, difference of opinion exists1 on this head amongst sulphuric acid manufacturers their choice probably depending on convenience and situation.. One manufacturer, for instance, prefers to concentrate his vitriol by passing the flame and products of combustion of a fire over the. surface of his weak acid, the watery vapor being carried away with the smoke, et cetera. This plan appourB to answer very well where no niceness with respect to the odor and purity of the acid is. dsmandsd—as when ths vitriol manufacturer is also a soda manufacturer,... 

The use of zinc blende and mixed zinc ores as a convenient source of sulphur dioxide for sulphuric acid manufacture has been advocated. The residue from the roasting is often more valuable than in the case of pyrites, but the roasting process is more troublesome and the presence of fluorspar in the blende exerts a deteriorating influence on the lead chambers.2... 

See Parkes and Coleman, J. Soc. Ohm. Ind., 1921, 40, 257 T Parkes, The Concentration of Sulphuric Acid, Manufacture of Acids and Alkalis Series, Lunge and Cumming (Gurney Jackson, 1924). 

Anodic protection is less commonly used and relies on an external potential control system to maintain the metal in a passive condition. This form of corrosion protection has found practical application in the sulphuric acid manufacturing industry. 

T 30-700 230-400K o/= 0.5K 300K 400K 500K Sulphuric acid manufacture. 

The catalyst used in the contact process of sulphuric acid manufacture is ... 

Imperial Chemical Industries, Sulphuric Acid Manufacture and Use, Kynoch Press, Birmingham, UK, 1955, 16. 

Selenium (9 x % of the earth s crust) occurs in small quantities in sulphide ores, particularly FeS2. It is extracted from the flue dusts produced in the roasting of sulphide ores and from the lead chamber mud formed in sulphuric acid manufacture, as a solution in aqueous KCN. It is precipitated from the filtered solution by the addition of HCl. 

The cyanide-free residue, containing much free sulphur, is sold to sulphuric acid manufacturers, who bum the mass (see Sulphuric Acid, Martin s Industrial Chemistry, Vol. II.), and the S02 escaping is used for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. 

This short history of sulphuric acid manufacture should servo to illustrate how tscionco Iras been the primary factor in its ovolution. The subject of the use of iron pyrites as a sourco of sulphur will be deferred until wo consider tho alkali industry., ... 

Louie DK. Elastomers. In Handbook of Sulphuric Acid Manufacturing. Richmond HrU, Canada DKL Engineering, Inc 2005. p 16. 

Table 17.1 Identification of some hazards in sulphuric acid manufacturing plant...

Identification of Some Hazards in Sulphuric Acid Manufacturing Plan... 

It has been relatively easy to reduce the 2 per cent loss associated with sulphuric acid manufacture by introducing a second absorber before the final conversion stage. Thus after two or three stages of catalytic conversion the reaction gases (see figure 7.8) are passed... 

Conceivable is (and was actually proposed) a technology of sulphuric acid manufacture under elevated pressure, where the steam boiler is replaced by a gas turbine. We thus have an example of positive work exerted by the system. The whole scheme is then different in particular in Fig. 5-5 we can imagine stream b as mechanical power produced by the unit. 

The most significant product of the heavy chemicals industry is sulphuric acid. At one time it was the barometer of a country s prosperity. Recession has recently affected this industry very severely—other industries not involving its use have fared better. The only major process for making sulphuric acid is the Contact process. The raw material for this is sulphur—indeed, all major commercially useful sources of sulphur are employed in sulphuric acid manufacture. 

Sulphuric Acid Manufacture has Flourished Since the Mid-19th Century... 

Traditionally caput mortuum is associated with a synthetic reddish purple or violet pigment derived from iron(III) oxide. Harley (1982) and sources therein consider the material to be formed as a by-product of sulphuric acid manufacture during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This was probably an early form of the copperas process used for the manufacture of Venetian red and copperas red qq.v.). The synthetic origin of the pigment... 

Laursen, J.K., Jensen, F.E., 2007. WSA— meeting industry demands. Sulfur 312, 80-85. Louie, D.K., 2008. Handbook of sulphuric acid manufacturing, second ed. DKL Engineering... 

Louie, D.K., 2008. Handbook of sulphuric acid manufacturing, second ed. DKL Engineering Inc., Toronto. 

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