Sulfuric acid decomposer

Polydithiazoles Polyoxadiazoles Polyamidines Pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile Polyvinyl isocyanate ladder polymer Polyamide-imide Polysulfone Decompose at 525°C (977°F) soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. Decompose at 450-500°C (842-932°F) can be made into fiber or film. Stable to oxidation up to 500°C (932°F) can make flexible elastomer. Stable above 900°C (1625°F) fiber resists abrasion with low tenacity. Soluble polymer that decomposes at 385°C (725°F) prepolymer melts above 405° C (76l.°F). Service temperatures up to 288° C (550°F) amenable to fabrication. Thermoplastic use temperature —102°C (—152°F) to greater than 150° C (302°F) acid and base resistant. 

Polydithiazoles Polyoxadi azoles Decompose at 525°C (977°F) soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. Decompose at 450 to 500°C (842 to 932°F) can be made into fiber or film. 

Solutions of 4-nitrotoluene in 93% sulfuric acid decompose very violently if heated to 160°C. This happened on plant-scale when automatic temperature control failed [1], but the temperature was erroneously abstracted as 135°C [2], The explosion temperature of 160°C for the mixture (presumably containing a high proportion of 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic acid) is 22°C lower than that observed for onset of decomposition when 4-nitrotoluene and 93% sulfuric acid are heated at a rate of 100°C/h [3], Mixtures of 4-nitrotoluene with 98% acid or 20% oleum begin to decompose at 180 and 190°C, respectively [3,4], Thereafter, decomposition accelerates (190-224° in 14 min, 224-270 in 1.5 min) until eruption occurs with evolution of much gas [4],... 

A mixture of the alcohol with 58% sulfuric acid decomposes explosively at about 180°C. 

Oxygen production unit (Sulfuric acid decomposer)... 

Ota, H. et al., Conceptual design study on sulfuric-acid decomposer for thermo-chemical iodine-sulfur process, ICONE-13-50494, in Proc. 13th Int. Conf. Nucl. Eng., Beijing, China, May 16-20, 2005. 

Coumarins unsubstituted in the heterocyclic ring may be obtained by using 2-hydroxy-butanedioic acid (malic acid). Concentrated sulfuric acid decomposes this acid with loss of carbon monoxide and water to formylacetic acid, which is of course a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound and reacts as such with the phenol (Scheme 111). It is sometimes advantageous to use a mixture of sulfuric and acetic acids, which reduces the extent of formation of tarry material. 

Hydrogen cyanide is a weak acid, which has the result that its salts decompose slightly in the presence of stronger acids. One of these stronger acids is carbonic acid, which arises from the reaction between carbon dioxide and water. [Even] stronger acids, such as, for example, sulfuric acid, decompose cyanide even more easily. Complex compounds with cyanide ions with heavy metals are more durable. Among such compounds is the already mentioned Prussian Blue [=Iron Blue], but even this decomposes slowly in an acid environment. 

Noguchi, H., et al. (2006), Development of Sulfuric Acid Decomposer for Thermo-chemical IS Process , 2006 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 06), 4-8 June, Reno, NV, USA, paper no.6166. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and parenteral routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes. A moderate skin and severe eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Combustible liquid. IVIixtures with sulfuric acid decompose explosively at 180°. Exothermic polymerization is catalyzed by HBr + iron when heated above 100°. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also ALCOHOLS. 

One of the key components to be used in the boiling sulfuric acid environments is the sulfuric acid decomposer, in which sulfuric acid solution with concentration of more than 90 wt% is evaporated and, simultaneously, H2SO4 is decomposed into gaseous SO, and H2O under high temperature conditions of up to 500°C. Recently, JAERI proposed a concept of the sulfuric acid decomposer, in which multi-hole-blocks made of SiC is used as the heat exchanging units. Feasibility of the concept has been confirmed by preliminary analysis of the mechanical strength and thermal-hydraulic performance, and also by a test-fabrication of prototype ceramic block [19]. 

The sulfuric acid decomposer is the equipment by which concentrated sulfuric acid is made evaporate with the heat of He and decomposed into SO3 and H O The design conditions for the sulfuric acid decomposer for the pilot test plant are shown in Table 1, which are defined based on the heat-mass balance of the sulfuric acid decomposition section performed by Knoche et al. [1]. The evaporation temperature of H2SO4 is assumed to be 455°C. 

Solubility Water (g/100 mL) Organic solvents Insoluble Insoluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in carbon disulfide (2 mg/100 mL, room temperature), soluble in ether 377 mL/100 mL at 4 °C 270 ml /100 mL at 22.5 °C 0.73 mL/100 mL at 20 °CC Soluble in carbon disulfide, carbonyl chloride Very soluble in hot water Soluble in sulfuric acid Decomposes in alcohol15 90 parts dissolve in 100 parts of water at 0 °C 400 parts in 100 parts at 90 °C Very soluble in alcohol... 

Based on these results, we assumed that the system possessed some thermal instability, and our strategy was to lower the heat of decomposition of the nitration system Dilution of unstable systems tend to increase their stability Calculation of the heat of decomposition, after dilution with 15 molar equivalents of sulfuric acid (versus 2 3 molar equivalents in the original procedure) shows that the potential for explosive behavior is greatly diminished. This is reasonable since sulfuric acid decomposes endothermically and is not an oxidizing agent. 

Crystals of cobalt(III) sulfate 18-hydrate decompose at room temperature within a few hours, but they can be stored in a refrigerator for 3 to 4 days without decomposing noticeably. Aqueous solutions of the compound evolve oxygen, the reaction occurring instantaneously in warm water and rapidly even in cold water. Suspensions in cold 10 N sulfuric acid decompose very slowly. Cobalt(III) sulfate oxidizes many organic compounds very vigorously.1... 

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Properties vary depending upon the specific soluble thallium eompound. (thallium acetate) hygroscopic light sensitive, (thallium iodide) stable to dilute hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid decomposed by nitric acid photosensitive HF (-123.8 kJ/mol crystal at 25°C) Hf (13.1 kJ/mol at 713K). 

Thallium sulfophosphide TIPS was a latent crystalline substance of greenish-gray color, which was hydrolyzed slightly on its surface under the influence of the atmospheric moisture but was insoluble in water or in dilute acids and alkalies. Hot concentrated sulfuric acid decomposed this compound to give l drogen sulfide, producii hypophosphite anions. 

As reported earlier, all of the materials experienced an increase in weight as a result of exposure to a sulfuric acid decomposing environment at 900 °C. X-ray photoclectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that the reaction products were silica. After exposure, both the silicon carbide and silicon nitride specimens exhibited a slight increase in strength, presumably due to the blunting of surface flaws by the formation of silica. 

Sulfurous acid decomposes spontaneously to sulfur dioxide and water. 

When heated, sulfuric acid decomposes into sulfur trioxide and water. 

An oxide that reacts with water to form an acid is called an acidic oxide or an acid anhydride. As with the basic anhydrides, each acid anhydride can be thought of as the dehydrated form of the appropriate oxyacid. For example, when sulfuric acid decomposes, the loss of H2O leaves the oxide... 

A major use of phosphoric acid is fertiUzer production. In the past, phosphorus-containing materials such as fish, bones, and bat guano were used as fertiUzer. Sulfuric acid decomposes bones to make phosphorus compounds that are more readily taken np by plants. Today many different phosphorus compounds have been developed specifically as fertilizers for various types of plants. 

There is however an intermediate decomposition step, sulfuric acid decomposing first to sulfur trioxide and steam and then further to SO2 and oxygen. This decomposition reaction at around 800°C is common to the S—I cycle described previously. To further improve the S—I and HyS cycles, metal oxides are used as catalytic materials. These cycles are then converted into metal oxide-metal sulfate cycles with the potential to achieve H2 production at moderate temperatures (Bhosale et al., 2015). 

In sulfuric acid solution the nitric acid oxidizes the formaldehyde to formic acid while being reduced to nitrous acid. RDX dissolved in cold, concentrated sulfuric acid decomposes when the solution is allowed to stand. Reduction of RDX dissolved in hot phenol yields methylamine, nitrous acid, and hydrocyanic acid but if solid RDX is suspended in 80 percent ethanol and reduced, both hydrolysis and reduction take place and the products are methylamine, nitrous acid, ammonia, and formaldehyde. With diphenylamine and sulfuric acid, RDX gives a strong blue color. RDX dissolves, without decomposing, in concentrations of up to 70 per-... 

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