Sulfone syndrome

Janndice and hepatitis can occnr as part of the sulfone syndrome with dapsone (26). Previons liver damage can predispose to serions hepatic or other adverse effects. 

Kraus A, Jakez J, Palacios A. Dapsone induced sulfone syndrome and systemic lupus exacerbation. J Rheumatol... 

Tomecki KJ, Catalano CJ. Dapsone hypersensitivity. The sulfone syndrome revisited. Arch Dermatol 1981 117(l) 38-9. 

Johnson DA, Cattau EL Jr, Kuritsky JN, Zimmerman HJ. Liver involvement in the sulfone syndrome. Arch Intern Med 1986 146(5) 875-7. 

Mohle-Boetani J, Akula SK, Holodniy M, Katzenstein D, Garcia G. The sulfone syndrome in a patient receiving dapsone prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. West J Med 1992 156(3) 303-6. 

Note A hypersensitivity reaction - termed the sulfone syndrome or dapsone syndrome - may infrequently develop during the first six weeks of treatment. This syndrome consists of exfoliative dermatitis, fever, malaise, nausea, anorexia, hepatitis, jaundice, lymphadenopathy and hemolytic anemia. See (1982) Kromann NP +, Arch Dermatol I 18, 531... 

Used properly, the sulfones may be given safely for many years in doses adequate for the successful therapy of leprosy. Treatment should be initiated with a small dose and then increased gradually. Patients must be under consistent laboratory and clinical supervision. The reactions induced by the sulfones, especially those related to the sulfone syndrome, may require the cessation of treatment as well as the institution of specific measures to reduce the threat to life. 

Immunologic In the dapsone syndrome (or sulfone syndrome) there is fever, exfohative dermatitis and photosensitivity, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized lymph-adenopathy, and pruritus. In one case there was a bullous skin eruption with circulating 190 and 230 kDa autoantibodies [62 ]. 

Atlox 3470, a product of ICI Ltd. is classed as an anionic/ non-ionic surfactant comprised mainly of dodecyl benzene sulfonate (anionic) and a nonylphenol ethoxylate of polyethylene glycol (non-ionic emulsifyer). Recent evidence strongly suggests that the active agent in the viral enhancement coincident with Reye s syndrome is a polyethylene glycol derived from the polyethylene moiety of the parent emulsifyer when the number of repeating ethoxy units in the polymer approaches 9 or 10 (12). 

I. Treatment of Crohn s Disease Using Dinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-induced Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome... 

Israel R, Gross R, Bomba P (1980) Adult respiratory distress syndrome associated with acute nitrofurantoin toxicity. Respiration 39 318 Iwarson S, Lundin P (1979) Multiple attacks of jaundice associated with repeated sulfon-amid treatment. Acta Med Scand 206 219... 

Many of the reactions to sulfonamides involve the skin and mucous membranes. The more severe reactions that occur include potentially lethal toxidermias and a delayed hypersensi-tivity-type syndrome characterized by fever, skin rash, and multi-organ toxicity, hnmediate type I reactions are the most well-defined sulfonamide-induced hypersensitivity reactions with the best defined allergenic drug structmes. Sulfonamides with one methyl substituent on a five- or six-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring on the carbon p to the sulfon-amido substituent are the structmes most complanentary to anti-sulfamethoxazole IgE antibody combining sites. 

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