Sulfonated surfactants glyceryl ether sulfonates

Although essentially pure soap products continue lo dominate the cleansing-bar field, a few products contain synthetic surfactams in addition 10 soap to act as scum and curd dispersants. Synthetic surfactants used in this application include alkyl sulfates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, alkyl esters of sodium isothionale. and alkylamides of N-melhyl tauride. 

U.S. 5,084,212 (1992) Farris et al. (Procter Gamble) C8 alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate foam enhancers Ultramild surfactant... 

Glyceryl ether sulfonates are surface-active anionic surfactants, which utilize a glyceryl backbone in the sulfonated group of the molecule. On the basis of patent literature, the first production of these ethers began with Alfred Kirstahler and Richard Hueter in the 1930s. Since this time, the process for the production of these surfactants has been significantly improved and optimized. 

The chloro-glyceryl ethers described earlier can be converted into the final glyceryl ether sulfonate by a Streckerization reaction, that is, use of sodium sulfite to perform sulfonation. However, the resulting composition of the surfactant will have an increased amount of sodium chloride by-product, which is very difficult to remove from the product. Therefore, it is recommended that an additional reaction step be performed to dehalogenate the product into a glycidyl ether. 

Results of Collagen Selling Test for Several Forms of Glyceryl Ether Sulfonates versus Other Synthetic Surfactants... 

Glyceryl ether sulfonate is a somewhat generic term for a sulfonated surfactant, which has a glycerin ester bond associated with it. The chemistry is well established in patent literature and a wide range of homologs can be produced. Depending on the application, the structure of these surfactants can be tailored to provide a multitude of desired benefits for a vast array of applications. 

Whyte, D.D. Alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, in Anionic Surfactants, Surfactant Science Series Volume 7, Linfield, W.M., Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, Chapter 14, 1976. 

There appears to be a synergy between SMEs and sulfonated fatty acids, which allow for improved foam and feel of a soap bar while retaining ease of production. Existing equipment used to make pure soap bars may be able to make combo SME/sulfonated fatty acid/soap bars. Surfactants currently used in combo soap bars include alkylether sulfates, sodium cocoylisethionates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, and betaines. Incorporation of these surfactants generally requires special equipment and processing. 

The alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate class of surfactants, represented by the general formula... 

Ethoxylated methylcarboxylates Propoxyethoxy glyceryl sulfonate Alkylpropoxyethoxy sulfate as surfactant, xanthan, and a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate Carboxymethylated ethoxylated surfactants (CME) Polyethylene oxide (PEG) as a sacrificial adsorbate Polyethylene glycols, propoxylated/ethoxylated alkyl sulfates Mixtures of sulfonates and nonionic alcohols Combination of lignosulfonates and fatty amines Alkyl xylene sulfonates, polyethoxylated alkyl phenols, octaethylene glycol mono n-decyl ether, and tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride Anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (TTAC), nonionic pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenol (NP-15), and nonionic octaethylene glycol N-dodecyl ether Dimethylalkylamine oxides as cosurfactants and viscosifiers (N-Dodecyl)trimethylammonium bromide Petrochemical sulfonate and propane sulfonate of an ethoxylated alcohol or phenol Petrochemical sulfonate and a-olefin sulfonate... 

Sodium cocomonoglyceride sulfonate surfactant, dentifrices Sodium cocoyl isethionate Sodium lauryl sulfoacetate Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate surfactant, depilatories PPG-2 myristyl ether propionate surfactant, dermatologicals Hydrogenated tallowoyl glutamic acid PEG-10-PPG-10 glyceryl stearate Potassium cocoyl glutamate... 

Sodium cocoglyceryl ether sulfonate surfactant, moisturizing creams Emalex GMS-2A Emalex SEG-07 Emalex SEG-12 Merquat 2200 PhosPho F-97 surfactant, moisturizing skin care Renex PEG 300 Renex PEG 1500 Renex PEG 4000 surfactant, molasses Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester surfactant, molasses purity lowering lndustrol 400 C surfactant, mold releases Laureth-4 PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate... 

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