Suitable fruit

Depending on the desired final product, individual fruits may be more or less suitable for processing. Not all species (or varieties) of fruit are suitable for all products. 

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Sharma, S. and Bhardwaj, R. (1997) Tamarind - A Suitable Fruit Crop for Dry Arid Regions. Proceedings of National Symposium on Tamarindus indica L., 27-28 June, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, Government of Andhra Pradesh, India, pp. 4-6. 

Sabinene is a monoterpene found in the oil of citrus fruits and plants It has been synthe sized from 6 methyl 2 5 heptanedione by the sequence that follows Suggest reagents suitable for carrying out each of the indicated transformations... 

The successful and profitable control of frozen food quality requires workable standards of product quality and condition and suitable methods for determining the degree of product conformance with standards. The frozen fruit and vegetable industry has developed rapidly during the past 20 years and serious concentration upon the development of adequate standards and objective methods for quality measurement is necessary. Such standards and methods should be placed on a uniform basis the country over and given official and legal status. 

Much valuable research has been devoted to developing the basic principles for the production of frozen fruits and vegetables of high and uniform quality. If this knowledge could be applied to its fullest extent, there would be little need for concern over the quality of such foods. Before this can be done, those responsible for quality control must be provided with suitable standards of quality and condition, and objective methods of analysis which will clearly indicate conformance or nonconformance to the standards. Responsibility for this resides with the research food technologist or chemist. It constitutes a rich field for profitable and practical research. 

As indicated in the Preface, this book does not claim to be comprehensive. Fortunately there are a number of other books which cover all or some aspects of diazo chemistry and can be recommended for further reading. Some of these will be mentioned briefly in this section. Older books are not included. The latter are still useful, however, for chemists who are interested in the future of their science not just from a pragmatic viewpoint, but also with regard to identifying potentially fruitful future scientific developments based on old problems. Such problems were frequently not followed up in the past because no suitable methods or theoretical concepts were available at that time - but the necessary methods may be already available today or may become so in the future ... 

As with other flavonoid classes, the anthocyanins generally occur in higher plants [11,12]. Their presence is immediately apparent as a result of their color, and this is readily conhrmed by treating a small piece of tissue with acidic methanol, and thus many red fruits and some flowers of red-blue shades are suitable sources of anthocyanins. 

Betalains are largely confined to higher plants belonging to species under families of the order Caryophyllales, although they are also found in some fungi [14]. The pigments may be found in flowers, roots, and fruits of suitable species. Betacyanins do not co-occnr with anthocyanins, which they resemble closely in color it has been specnlated that they may have similar functions [14]. 

The most suitable routine analytical method for the determination of alkylenebis-(dithiocarbamate) residues in fruits and vegetables is hot acid hydrolysis with stannnous chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid, followed by determination of the evolved carbon disulfide by spectrophotometry or GC. 

One of the most fruitful uses of potentiometry in analytical chemistry is its application to titrimetry. Prior to this application, most titrations were carried out using colour-change indicators to signal the titration endpoint. A potentiometric titration (or indirect potentiometry) involves measurement of the potential of a suitable indicator electrode as a function of titrant volume. The information provided by a potentiometric titration is not the same as that obtained from a direct potentiometric measurement. As pointed out by Dick [473], there are advantages to potentiometric titration over direct potentiometry, despite the fact that the two techniques very often use the same type of electrodes. Potentiometric titrations provide data that are more reliable than data from titrations that use chemical indicators, but potentiometric titrations are more time-consuming. 

In many instances the problem of surface contamination has been principally studied 3-5, 7-10,16,17, 19, 22). However, early in the DDT studies on citrus fruits, it became evident that appreciable amounts of this insecticide penetrated into certain components of the peel. Following this disclosure, suitable techniques were investigated and an evaluation of the penetration of DDT and later of parathion into various kinds of fruit was undertaken. 

Many tribes used the berries as a food supply and included it in their pemmican, a mixture of nuts, meat and dried fruit which served as a suitable food when travelling and hunting. The Iroquois cooked elderberries and served them with com bread. They would sun-dry the berries and store them for winter food supplies. The Meskwaki prepared the berries as a conserve. The wood of the tree was useful in bow making. Straigth stems would be selected and dried, and from this arrows were made. The Iroquois would soak their... 

The identification of xanthophylls in vivo is a complex task and should be approached gradually with the increasing complexity of the sample. In the case of the antenna xanthophylls, the simplest sample is the isolated LHCII complex. Even here four xanthophylls are present, each having at least three major absorption transitions, 0-0, 0-1, and 0-2 (Figure 7.4). Heterogeneity in the xanthophyll environment and overlap with the chlorophyll absorption add additional complexity to the identification task. No single spectroscopic method seems suitable to resolve the overlapping spectra. However, the combination of two spectroscopic techniques, low-temperature absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopy, has proved to be fruitful (Ruban et al., 2001 Robert et al., 2004). 

Not applicable — the common fruit fly has been an important model in medicine and population genetics for much of the last century. It is suitable for many types of studies, including electrophysiology... 

Palmer, J.W., S.B., D., Shaw, P. and Wunsche, J.N. (2002). Growth and fruit quality of Braeburn apple (Malus domestica) trees as influenced by fungicide programmes suitable for organic production , New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 31, 169-177. 

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