SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER

One final example of SCF fractionation of polymers is given in this section to show the breadth of this technology. The polymer tested in a study by Krukonis (1983c) is a polyisobutylene-succinic anhydride copolymer surfactant used in engine lubricants. The surface-active ends of the polymer complex to... 

Table 9.34 Molecular Weight Analysis of Polyisobutylene-Succinic Anhydride Copolymer Fractions...

Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)-ethylene-vinyl acetate system, 80 Polyisobutylene, 66, 192 surfactant, 278-279 Polyisobutylene-succinic anhydride copolymer fractions, 279 Polymers... 

An interesting application of this reaction was the use of macro-molecular anhydrides, namely, styrene-maleic anhydride or vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymers in the presence of perchloric acid as catalyst, these copolymers acylate mesityl oxide or d rpnone to macromolecular pyrylium salts which, with aryl substituents, are fluorescent.No crystalline products could be obtained from succinic anhydride because of the solubility and ease of decarboxylation. 

ATBN - amine terminated nitrile rubber X - Flory Huggins interaction parameter CPE - carboxylated polyethylene d - width at half height of the copolymer profile given by Kuhn statistical segment length DMAE - dimethyl amino ethanol r - interfacial tension reduction d - particle size reduction DSC - differential scanning calorimetry EMA - ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer ENR - epoxidized natural rubber EOR - ethylene olefin rubber EPDM - ethylene propylene diene monomer EPM - ethylene propylene monomer rubber EPR - ethylene propylene rubber EPR-g-SA - succinic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene rubber... 

In the spectra of model compounds such as succinic anhydride (SA), tri-n-butyl-stannyl 2-methylpropanoate (TBMP) and their mixtures and a copolymer of tri-... 

PLLA-fr-PCL) multiblock copolymers were prepared from the coupling reaction between the bischloroformates of carboxylated PLLA with diol-terminated PCL in the presence of pyridine [140]. LLA was polymerized with SnOCt2 and 1,6-hexanediol followed by the reaction with succinic anhydride to provide the dicarboxylated PLLA. The carboxyl end groups were subsequently transformed to acid chloride groups by the reaction with thionyl chloride (Scheme 65). As expected, the molecular weight distributions were broad for all samples (1.84 < Mw/Mn < 3.17). 

Another class of PSA-fatty acid-based copolymers has been synthesized from the ricinoleic acid and ricinoleic half-esters with maleic and succinic anhydride, poly(sebacic-co-ricinoleic acid maleate), poly(sebacic-co-ricinoleic acid succinate), and poly(sebacic-co-12-hydroxystearic acid succinate) (P(SA-RAM), P(SA-RAS), and P(SA-HSAS)) (Krasko et al., 2003 Teomim et al., 1999). These syntheses result in poly(anhydride-co-esters). 

Uses of MA include unsaturated polyester resins (63%), lubricating oil additives (11%), copolymers (8%), alkenyl succinic anhydrides (5%), malic acid (3%), fiimaric acid (2%), and agricultural chemicals (2%). 

The cationic Surfmers produced much smaller particle sizes in the emulsion polymerization of styrene and styrene/butyl acrylate than the amphoterics (20-50 nm versus 100-300 nm). Some of the latter, however, conferred to the copolymer lattices stability to electrolytes and freeze-thaw [24]. Similar, but nonreactive surfactants produced from succinic anhydride gave similar stability but had much inferior water resistance [25]. 

Amphiphilic copolymers have been prepared that have reduced surface contact angles and are effective as emulsifying agents or absorbents. These materials were prepared by reacting poly[styrene-b-poly(ethylene-butylene)-g-succinic anhydride-b-polysty-rene)] [Kraton G 1901 ] with methoxypolyethylene glycols having M s between 2000 and 8000 daltons. 

This paper deals with a novel approach of functionalizing poly (IB-PMS) copolymers using the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. Poly (IB-PMS) copolymer was reacted with an acylating agent, succinic anhydride, using aluminum chloride as a Lewis acid. The reaction involves the aluminum chloride-catdyzed substitution of an acyl group on the aromatic ring. 

In the experiment, 5.00 g (0.00635 mole PMS) of copolymer was dissolved in 50 ml dichloromethane (Aldrich, anhydrous 99.8%) in a three-neck flask equipped with condenser, nitrogen bubbler, and a dropping funnel. Then 0.64 g (1 mole equivalent with respect to PMS) of succinic anhydride (Aldrich) was add, and the solution was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature under nitrogen. 1.70 g (2 mole equivalent with respect to PMS) of AICI3 (Aldrich) was then added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature. The colorless viscous solution turned into a red-brown gel in 5 minutes. The product polymer was isolated by adding the reaction mixture to a acetone, to precipitate the product. The functionalized polymer was purified by dissolving in THF/methanol mixture and reprecipitating with excess acetone. The product was dried under vacuum. 

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