Succinic anhydride reaction with

PLLA-fr-PCL) multiblock copolymers were prepared from the coupling reaction between the bischloroformates of carboxylated PLLA with diol-terminated PCL in the presence of pyridine [140]. LLA was polymerized with SnOCt2 and 1,6-hexanediol followed by the reaction with succinic anhydride to provide the dicarboxylated PLLA. The carboxyl end groups were subsequently transformed to acid chloride groups by the reaction with thionyl chloride (Scheme 65). As expected, the molecular weight distributions were broad for all samples (1.84 < Mw/Mn < 3.17). 

Reactions with succinic anhydride or acetic anhydride to block dendrimer amines can be done in aqueous or methanolic solution. If organic solvent is used for the reaction, then it is typical to include triethylamine as a proton acceptor, which helps drive the reaction. Such reactions, however, can t be done to dendrimer amines once a protein containing amines also has been conjugated, as the protein too will get modified. 

Habeeb, A.F.S.A., Cassidy, H.G., and Singer, S.J. (1958) Molecular structural effects produced in proteins by reaction with succinic anhydride. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 29, 587. 

Reactions of wood with cyclic anhydrides do not yield a by-product, leaving the modified wood polymers with a covalently bonded carboxylic group an example is reaction with succinic anhydride (SA) (Figure4.1a). With reactions above 100°C there is some formation of diester observed (Figure 4.1b), resulting in cross-linking within the cell wall matrix (Matsuda, 1987). 

However, most coupling chemistries do not go to completion so that the substrate will contain a mixture of functional groups capped with attached probe (SR) while others remain free (S ). These residual reachve functional groups must be capped or blocked in some manner to reduce nonspecific binding to the microarray. Residual surface amines may be capped by reaction with succinic anhydride. This renders the support neutral (SR). Using this abbreviated nomenclature, we can describe common surface modifications for microarray substrates. 

Succinic anhydride activation. Carboxylic groups can be easily introduced in polysaccharides (P-OH) by reaction with succinic anhydride (III). They can then be transformed into reactive esters and finally coupled with drugs ... 

Other reported examples of triazonane acylations included reactions with succinic anhydride <2002S1398>, carboxymethyl calixarene <1995CC929>, and jV-BOO-sarcosine <2003TL5699>. 

Grignard reagent (see Chapter 10), followed by dehydration and arom-atization (Scheme 12.2). The use of substituted benzenes in the first stage of the sequence enables variously substituted derivatives of naphthalene to be obtained. Of course, the substituents should not interfere with the Friedel-Crafts reaction with succinic anhydride. 

This class of haptens includes those that have a carboxyl group, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) or the peptides angiotensin and brady-kinin. In addition, many haptens, such as some steroids, may have reactive groups to which a carboxyl group can be attached as, for example, by reaction with succinic anhydride (see below). For conjugation to proteins, the same procedures may be used regardless of whether the carboxyl group is present as an inherent part of the hapten or as an added moiety. 

Haptens containing amino groups can be coupled directly to carriers containing carboxyl groups, or the amino group can be converted to a carboxylic acid by reaction with succinic anhydride. - When a keto or an aldehyde group is present in the hapten, it can be converted to a carboxyl via reaction with 0-(carboxymethyl)hydroxylamine or with hydrazides. Haptens containing double bonds can be made to react directly with mer-captoacetic or mercaptopropionic acid, or a two-step reaction may be performed bromination followed by reaction with mercaptocarboxylic acid. ... 

Preparation of starch succinate or alkenylsuccinates by reaction with succinic anhydride or its derivatives. The general structure of these compounds is... 

Reaction with BifCHjljBr, bipy 14, 10.3.8.5 Reaction with CsH 14, 10.3.8.4 Reaction with isocyanides 14, 9.2.4.1 Reaction with metal carbenes 14. 9.2.S.5 Reaction with fPt C(C6H4Me)W(C5Hs) (CO),),] 14. 10.3.8.7 Reaction with succinic anhydride, allyl acetate 14, 10.3.8,1... 

Show how a mixture of n-butylamines prepared from n-butyl bromide and an excess of n-butylamine might be resolved into its components by reaction with succinic anhydride, separation of the products through advantage of their solubility properties in acid or base, and regeneration of the corresponding amines. Write equations for the reactions involved. 

Alternatively, hydrophilic multi-hydroxyl poly(GMA-OH)-grafted MWCNTs could be converted into multicarboxyl polymer-functionalized CNTs by reaction with succinic anhydride and then used as templates to efficiently sequestrate metal ions such as Ag", Co ", Ni , Au , La and (Scheme 5.3), generating MWCNT-polymer/metal hybrid nanocomposites, nanowires or necklace-like nanostructures, depending on the grafted polymer content and the nature of the captured metals. The combination of SEM, TEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) characterizations demonstrated the structure and elements of the hybrid nano-objects. 

Alternatively, hydrophilic multi-hydroxyl poly(GMA-OH)-grafted MWCNTs could be converted into multicarboxyl polymer-functionalized CNTs by reaction with succinic anhydride and then used as templates to... 

The aminopropylated silica gel can be used in a variety of ways. In the most common procedure, the aminopropyl ligand is extended by reaction with succinic anhydride to yield a carboxylated silica gel. 

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