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SUBJECTS marrow

Zeibecoglou K, Ying S, Yamada T, et al. Increased mature and immature CCR3 messenger RNA+ eosinophils in bone marrow from patients with atopic asthma compared with atopic and nonatopic control subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999 103(1 Pt 1) 99-106. [Pg.253]

TMPT activity in human erythrocytes is transmitted as an autosomic codominant trait [15] and is trimodally distributed, with 89-94% of the individuals having high, 6-11% intermediate, and 0.3% low activity [7, 15-17] (Figure 14.2). The measurement of TPMT activity in erythrocytes closely reflects the ability of bone marrow to inactivate 6-MP. TPMT activity is inversely related to erythrocyte 6-TGN levels [7, 13, 18, 19], and children with low TPMT activity and very high 6-TGN levels experienced profound myelotoxicity [20, 21]. Moreover, TPMT phenotype in erythrocyte reflects that in leukemic blasts [22]. Patients with intermediate TPMT activity had a 5-fold greater cumulative incidence of dose reductions than subjects with high activity [13], and TPMT activity has been inversely related to the time of treatment withdrawal due to cytopenia [21]. [Pg.287]

Such cells are often classified on the basis of their original source as either embryonic or adult stem cells. As the name suggests, embryonic stem cells are derived from the early embryo, whereas adult stem cells are present in various tissues of the adult species. Much of the earlier work on embryonic stem cells was conducted using mouse embryos. Human embryonic stem cells were first isolated and cultured in the laboratory in 1998. Research on adult stem cells spans some four decades, with the discovery during the 1960s of haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow (Chapter 10). However, the exact distribution profile, role and ability to manipulate adult stem cells (particularly those outside of the bone marrow) are subjects of intense current research, and for which more questions remain than are answered. [Pg.457]

Fig. 23. Diffusion weighted spectral series of tibial bone marrow (a) and TA (b) of a 27-year-old healthy female subject for determination of ADC in lipids. Spectra were recorded using sequence S2 with TE=154 ms, TM=149 ms,. 5 = 69 ms, 6 = 0, 2500, 5000, 10,000 and 20,000 s/mm. Similar diffusion characteristics are visible for marrow fat and EMCL, whereas IMCL shows more pronounced diffusion related signal loss. Fig. 23. Diffusion weighted spectral series of tibial bone marrow (a) and TA (b) of a 27-year-old healthy female subject for determination of ADC in lipids. Spectra were recorded using sequence S2 with TE=154 ms, TM=149 ms,. 5 = 69 ms, 6 = 0, 2500, 5000, 10,000 and 20,000 s/mm. Similar diffusion characteristics are visible for marrow fat and EMCL, whereas IMCL shows more pronounced diffusion related signal loss.
Fig. 32. The 30-year-old male patient with acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGE) shows lacking lipids in the subcutaneous layer and in the musculature in a Ti-weighted spin-echo image (a) and in a fat selective image (b). Only marrow fat in the tibia and fibula of the patient seems to be not affected by the disease. Comparison between a spectrum from a insulin resistant subject without AGE (c) and the spectrum from the AGE patient (d) reveals that the AGE patient has nearly lacking EMCE and markedly reduced IMCE content. Fig. 32. The 30-year-old male patient with acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGE) shows lacking lipids in the subcutaneous layer and in the musculature in a Ti-weighted spin-echo image (a) and in a fat selective image (b). Only marrow fat in the tibia and fibula of the patient seems to be not affected by the disease. Comparison between a spectrum from a insulin resistant subject without AGE (c) and the spectrum from the AGE patient (d) reveals that the AGE patient has nearly lacking EMCE and markedly reduced IMCE content.
During the mobilization HSC are loosing the connection with the niche cells, though returning to their places later. Such a disturbance may cause an accelerating turnover of HSC. The alterations of concentration of hematopoietic precursors of different stages of maturation in the bone marrow of mice subjected to multiple G-CSF treatment were studied in the presented work. [Pg.56]

The classical experimental approach to study the mechanisms that govern the development of such a system is to explore naturally occurring disorders, the so called experiments of nature , in which there was an interception of such development. In the case of the particular subject of this chapter these would be the disorders in which there was either no formation of the bone marrow cavities and consequently bone marrow or this process was significantly impaired. This has brought me a quarter of century ago to osteopetrosis (Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al., 1981). At that time already several genes whose mutations produced osteopetrosis have been provisionally identified both in the mouse and the rat as well as in man. [Pg.87]

The body s cells are normally subject to strict social control. They only divide until they come into contact with neighboring cells cell division then ceases due to contact inhibition. Exceptions to this rule include embryonic cells, cells of the intestinal epithelium (where the cells are constantly being replaced), cells in the bone marrow (where formation of blood cells takes place), and tumor cells. Uncontrolled cell proliferation is an important indicator of the presence of a tumor. While normal cells in cell culture only divide 20-60 times, tumor cells are potentially immortal and are not subject to contact inhibition. [Pg.400]

Phase I data were presented at the 95th AACR meeting, March 2004. Normal healthy male volunteers were subjected to bone marrow aspirations prior to and 4 h following a single 25 mg oral dose of the compound or placebo. L21649 achieved plasma concentrations of 103.4 nM at 4 h post-dose. In July 2004, similar clinical data were presented at the 29th National Medicinal Chemistry symposium. The PK/PD correlated well, and at that time, it was believed that the plasma levels should be closer to the EC90 levels for maximal efficacy. [Pg.367]

In a proof-of-concept study in which Saito et al. [60] intravenously injected LacZ reporter gene-transfected MSCs into healthy rats, the MSCs preferentially engrafted in the bone marrow. When injected into rats subjected to repetitive periods of ischemia/reperfusion, however, the MSCs engrafted in the infarcted regions of the heart, where they participated in angiogenesis and expressed cardio-myocyte-specific proteins. When injected into rats 10 days after myocardial injury, MSCs preferentially homed to damaged myocardium. [Pg.98]

Chemotherapeutic agents for cancer therapy are sometimes subjected to a limit of use because of the adverse effects. One of the critical adverse effects is leukopenia induced by a suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis resulting in opportunistic infections. In this regard, an improvement of impaired hematopoiesis is required to obtain a satisfactory outcome in the cancer chemotherapy. [Pg.447]

The distinction between essential monoclonal gammopathy and asymptomatic multiple myeloma can be difficult in subjects whose M protein and Bence-Jones protein ranges and percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow overlap. [Pg.328]

An avenue for both occupational and enviromnental exposure assessment which has only rarely been used in case-control studies is direct exposure measurements of the study subjects. For pesticides with long biological half-lives, and whose concentrations are unlikely to be affected by the disease, biological measures of exposure can be made. For example, Caldwell etal. (1981) and Scheele etal. (1992, 1996) measured pesticide levels in bone marrow and serum in adult and childhood cancer cases and controls. [Pg.265]

The CaR is expressed in many cells such as parathyroid cells and C cells in the thyroid gland. It is also expressed in the kidneys, osteoblasts, in the gastrointestinal mucosa, and hematopoietic cells in bone marrow. It has been found that CaR is expressed in different amounts on the cell face of many cell types and in diverse species. CaR is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family with seven hydrophobic transmembrane helices in the plasma membrane. It has a large N-terminal domain with about 600 amino acids located in the extracellular environment and is essential for sensing extracellular calcium concentration. CaR has a large cytosolic C-terminal domain with about 200 amino acids that is subjected to phosphorylation. A dimeric structure has been proposed based on the known crystal structure of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1. [Pg.574]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.559 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.559 ]




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