Subheadings parallelism

Are subheadings parallel and consistently formatted Do you have any dangling headings ... 

The first move is reiterated as needed for multiple sets of results, ideally paralleling the order that was used in the Results section. As in the Results section, you can use subheadings to help the reader locate the discussion for each result. If, while writing the discussion, you question the logic of your sequencing, you need to revise both the Results and Discussion sections to align them. 

Parallelism Parallel language should be used in bulleted lists in poster Methods sections and elsewhere. Not only is parallelism grammatically correct, but its repetitive pattern also helps viewers comprehend poster information more quickly. Pay particular attention to parallel subheadings and lists ... 

The need for parallelism in writing is ever-present. We see instances of parallelism in words and phrases, lists, headings, and subheadings. Furthermore, words and phrases joined by and or or should be parallel they should have the same grammatical form (grammatical parallelism), and the concepts should be of similar scale and importance (conceptual parallelism). 

Listed items start with the same form of speech (e.g., nouns, verbs). Headings and subheadings also are parallel to one another in terms of grammar, punctuation, and capitalization. 

Consider the following subheadings from a draft of the Materials and Methods section of a journal article. Make changes, where appropriate, so that the headings are parallel. 

Use parallel constructions in series and lists, including section headings and subheadings in text and tables and listings in figure captions. 

The main feature of monolithic catalysts is a high ratio of geometric surface area to volume and a low pressure drop with distnbution of gas flow through a large number of parallel channels. The most significant application for structured catalyst units of this type is in the control of exhaust emissions from cars this area is discussed here under five subheadings. Nonautomotive applications are discussed later, in Section IV.B. 

Both of the tests described above should be run in parallel with positive controls. In general, three species are used M. orale andM. hyorhinis for DNA staining and M. orale and M. pneumoniae for the culture method. In all cases, the positive control organisms are inoculated at 100 CFU/mL. See Subheading 3. for preparation of mycoplasma broth and agar. 

Between successive rounds of phage biopanning, the output phage sample (and/ or the acid wash sample, if desired) must be amplified. This procedure may be performed in parallel with the phage titering as detailed in Subheading 3.3 or may be performed independently. 

Prior to wounding, chemical compounds can be added to the media to pretreat embryos in order to make sure embryos are suffused with the compound concentration and duration of pretreatment would need to be determined empirically (for notes on compound solubility and long-term treatments, see Note 2). To reduce the amount of compound used, embryos can be transferred to smaller dishes (e.g., 3 cm or 6 cm diameter) if this is done maintain lower numbers of embryos per dish ( 5 embryos per ml media). If a compound is to be tested, a vehicle control plate should be set up in parallel using an equivalent number of embryos. Dilute compound (or vehicle) into E3 in a separate container without embryos prior to replacing embryo media as detailed in Subheading... 

After 15 h of incubation (Subheading 3.2 step 5), the HeLa cell-free mixture is treated with RNase A (20 g/ml) and RNase T1 (100 U/ml) for 30 min at room temperature, diluted to 300 pi in HESS, and added to 90% confluent monolayer of HeLa cells. Gently rock for 30 min at room temperature. In parallel, HeLa cell monolayers are infected with wt PVl (M) as control. The monolayers are washed with HESS and overlaid with 3 ml of 0.6% (w/v) gum tragacanth. After 48 h at 37°C and 5% CO, carefully remove the gum tragacanth and stain the cells with 1 ml of 1% crystal violet for 10 min. Rinse off the... 

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