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Strain spectra

Fig. 6. ESEEM spectra of Ni in the F4j0-reducing and methyl viologen (MV)-reducing hydrogenases from M. thermoautotrophicum (A/f strain). Spectra (a) were obtained using a three-pulse stimulated-echo sequence, the time T between the second and third pulses being varied, (b) Fourier transform of FH2ase data (c) simulated spectra. Spectra are the average of recordings from g = 2.0 to 2.34. Reproduced, with permission, from Ref. 56. Fig. 6. ESEEM spectra of Ni in the F4j0-reducing and methyl viologen (MV)-reducing hydrogenases from M. thermoautotrophicum (A/f strain). Spectra (a) were obtained using a three-pulse stimulated-echo sequence, the time T between the second and third pulses being varied, (b) Fourier transform of FH2ase data (c) simulated spectra. Spectra are the average of recordings from g = 2.0 to 2.34. Reproduced, with permission, from Ref. 56.
FTMA is a forced vibration test method based on direct measurement of stress and strain spectra. As with all forced vibration methods, FTMA is subject to spurious wave effects at high frequencies. The lower frequency limit is determined by transducers, signal conditioners, etc. The lower limit in this research was 35 Hz as determined by the inherent properties of the piezoelectric transducers. With different transducers (for example load cell for the force and LVDT for displacement measurements) and signal conditioners, FTMA should measure material properties down to much lower frequencies. [Pg.104]

Fig. 6.7 Comparison of typical SERS and NRS spectra of the same Escherichia coli strain. Spectra were excited at 785 nm and normalized to the maximum band intensity (reproduced with permission from Premasiri et al. 2014. Copyright 2014 John Wiley Sons, Ltd)... Fig. 6.7 Comparison of typical SERS and NRS spectra of the same Escherichia coli strain. Spectra were excited at 785 nm and normalized to the maximum band intensity (reproduced with permission from Premasiri et al. 2014. Copyright 2014 John Wiley Sons, Ltd)...
FIGURE 119.4 Fluorescence emission spectra at 77 K of whole cells from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 wild type, menB mutant strains, and menD mutant strains. Spectra were recorded at the same cell density and normalized relative to PS II. Each spectrum was the average of the four measurements performed in duplicate. The excitation wavelength was 435 nm, which excites mostly chlorophyll. PS 11 and its accessory pigments exhibit emission maxima at 685 and 695 nm PS I has a maximum emission at 721 nm. [Pg.2387]

Here the index s (5 =1,2,3,...) indicates the viscoelastic strain spectrum constituent that corresponds to a certain relaxation time p is the average stress stands for highly elastic... [Pg.158]

Tetracyclines are produced by various Streptomyces strains and are extensively applied in human and veterinary medicine. They display a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity in combination with low toxicity and can be applied orally. The most commonly prescribed tetracycline drugs are tetracycline itself and oxytetracycline, an oxygenated derivative, which are directly isolated from fermentation liquors, and doxycycline whose partial synthesis from oxy-... [Pg.316]

The relaxation and creep experiments that were described in the preceding sections are known as transient experiments. They begin, run their course, and end. A different experimental approach, called a dynamic experiment, involves stresses and strains that vary periodically. Our concern will be with sinusoidal oscillations of frequency v in cycles per second (Hz) or co in radians per second. Remember that there are 2ir radians in a full cycle, so co = 2nv. The reciprocal of CO gives the period of the oscillation and defines the time scale of the experiment. In connection with the relaxation and creep experiments, we observed that the maximum viscoelastic effect was observed when the time scale of the experiment is close to r. At a fixed temperature and for a specific sample, r or the spectrum of r values is fixed. If it does not correspond to the time scale of a transient experiment, we will lose a considerable amount of information about the viscoelastic response of the system. In a dynamic experiment it may... [Pg.173]

The electromagnetic spectrum measures the absorption of radiation energy as a function of the frequency of the radiation. The loss spectrum measures the absorption of mechanical energy as a function of the frequency of the stress-strain oscillation. [Pg.183]

Oxetane, 2-(o -chlorobenzyl)-2-phenyl-X-ray crystal structure, 7, 366 Oxetane, 3-chloromethyl-3-ethyl-ring strain, 7, 370-371 Oxetane, 2-(o-chlorophenyl)- H NMR, 7, 367 Oxetane, 2-cyano-synthesis, 7, 391-392 Oxetane, 2-cyano-3,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-thermolysis, 7, 372 Oxetane, 2,2-dialkoxy-synthesis, 7, 396 Oxetane, 2,2-dialkyl-isomerization, 7, 377 Oxetane, 3,3-dialkyl-alkylative cleavage, 7, 381 polymers, 7, 382 Oxetane, 2-diethylamino-synthesis, 7, 390 Oxetane, 3,3-difluoro-molecular dimensions, 7, 365 Oxetane, 2,2-dimethyl-mass spectra, 7, 368-369 photolysis, 7, 373 synthesis, 7, 393 Oxetane, 2,3-dimethyl- H NMR, 7, 366 thermolysis, 7, 372 Oxetane, 2,4-dimethyl-mass spectrum, 7, 369... [Pg.732]

The tetracyclines are valuable orally active broad-spectrum antibiotics prepared by isolation from the fermentation liquors of various strains of Streptomyces or by chemical transformation of fermentation-derived substances. The basic ring system and numbering pattern is as follows ... [Pg.212]

Cefpimizole (51) appears to be less active in vitro than cefotaxime and cefoperazone and to have a somewhat narrower activity spectrum although some strains of Pseudomonas are susceptible. It is not orally active, but its performance in vivo appears superior to what would be expected from its in vitro data. Its synthesis begins by acylation of cephaloglycin (48) with the bis acid chloride of imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (49) to give amide 50. The acetyl moiety at C-3 of this intermediate is displaced with 4-pyridineethanesulfonic acid and sodium iodide to give cef-pimazole (51) [16]. [Pg.185]

Cefpiramide (64) is a third generation cephalosporin with a l-methyl-[lH)-tetra2ol-5-ylthio-methyl moiety at C-3 and an acylated -hydroxyphenylglycine moiety at C-7. It includes in its activity spectrum reasonable potency in vitro against many strains of Pseudomonas. It can be synthesized in a variety of ways including condensation of cephalosporin antibiotic 63 with 6-methyl-4-(l-H)-pyridone-3-carboxylic acid in the form of its active N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (62) to produce cefpiramide (64) [20,21],... [Pg.188]

In 1967 Agtarap et al. disclosed the isolation and structure of monensic acid (1).3 Compound 1, now known as monensin, is produced by a strain of Streptomyces cinamonensis, and exhibits broad-spectrum anticoccidial activity. Since its introduction on the market in 1971, monensin has been used very successfully to combat coccidial infections in poultry and as an additive in cattle feed.4 In the polyether family, monensin occupies a position of some historical significance. Although monensin was the fifth polyether... [Pg.185]

By calculating the energy to heat it is possible to determine the vibration levels to which the structure can be exposed and still exhibit critical damping. There is one area that must be evaluated. Plastics exhibit a spectrum of response to stress and there are certain straining rates that the material will react to almost elastically. If this characteristic response corresponds to a frequency to which the structure is exposed the damping effect is minimal and the structure may be destroyed. In order to avoid the possibility of this occurring, it is desirable to have a curve of energy absorption vs. frequency for the material that will be used. [Pg.101]

The natural penicillins also have a fairly narrow spectrum of activity, which means that they are effective against only a few strains of bacteria Newer penicillins have been developed to combat this problem. These penicillins are a result of chemical treatment of a biologic precursor to penicillin. Because of their chemical modifications, they are more slowly excreted... [Pg.65]

Promoting Optimal Response to Therapy The results of a culture and sensitivity test take several days because time must be allowed for the bacteria to grow on the culture media However, infections are treated as soon as possible In a few instances, the primary health care provider may determine that a penicillin is the treatment of choice until the results of the culture and sensitivity tests are known. In many instances, the primary health care provider selects a broad-spectrum antibiotic (ie, an antibiotic that is effective against many types or strains of bacteria) for initial treatment because of the many penicillin-resistant strains of microorganisms. [Pg.71]

Although the NNRTIs target HIV-1 RT, they are clearly different from the nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs). They are highly selective for HlV-1 and do not inhibit HlV-2 or any other retrovirus. Moreover, the resistance spectrum of NNRTIs is different from that of NRTI, and, as a rule, NRTl-resistant mutant virus strains keep full sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of NNRTIs, and NNRTI-resistant mutant virus strains keep full sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of NRTIs. However, some influence of NRTI mutations on NNRTl susceptibility has been observed (Shuhnan etal. 2004). [Pg.157]

FIGURE 30.7 Typical (averaged) torque traces as recorded when a gum polybutadiene sample is submitted to high strain the Fourier transform (FT) spectrum exhibits accordingly significant harmonic contributions the inset table gives the results of the automatic analysis of torque and strain signals. [Pg.827]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.160 , Pg.164 ]




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