Alkylation dialkylation

The Kovats indices of various alkyl, dialkyl, and other 2-substituted thiazoles are given in Table III-20 (174, 175). 

Chiral terf-diamines complexed with LAH gave very low optical yields in reductions of prochiral ketones. A/,/V,A/, /V -Tetramethyl-l,2-cyclohexanedi-amine complexed with LAH or LiAlD4 reduced phenyl alkyl, dialkyl ketones or benzaldehyde in <15% optical yields (109). 

Benzyl-alkyl, dialkyl, cyclic and acyclic ethers were converted to esters or lactones by RuO or [RuO ] (RuClj/aq. Na(C10) or Ca(C10)j/CH2Cl2). It was not stated whether RuO or [RuO ] was the effective oxidant, but oxidation of jb-methoxy-benzyhnethyl ether apparently involved a one-electron transfer process, which might be more likely to occur with [RuO ] [426],... 

Many substituted alkyl-, dialkyl-, aryl-, alkylaryl-, etc compds are described in the literature, for instance, methylaminotetrazole, which is described as 5-amino- 1-methyl-a-ieirazole. Other substituted 5-aminotetrazoies,... 

The method has been extended by the use of reactive intermediate oxonium ions such as sulfonyl cation-ether adducts, dialkyloxycarbenium salts with ether, and so on. The more reactive dialkyl halonium ions also readily alkylate dialkyl ethers to the corresponding oxonium ions."... 

Das aus Triphenylphosphan, Di-2-pyridyl-disulfan und Phosphorsaure-(4-nitro-phenyl-ester) in einer Eintopfreaktion entstehende Intermediat Phosphorsaure-(4-nitro-phenyl-ester)-triphenylphosphonioester wird mit Alkyl-, Dialkyl- bzw. Aryl-aminen im Ver-haltnis 1 3 zu dem entsprechenden Phosphorsaure-amid-0-(4-nitro-phenyl-estern) (75-90% gespalten139 [s.a. Bd. XII/2 (4. Aufl.), S. 400] ... 

When investigating the substrate selectivity using a series of aryl, alkyl, dialkyl, and heterocyclic sulfides, it was found that p-substitution led to higher enatioselectiv-ity and higher chemical yields with respect to o-substitution [20l A similar influence of the p-substitution was found for sulfoxidation catalyzed by bromoperoxidase from the marine alga Ascophyllum nodosum1271. 

Snook et al. (3141, 3748) identified a series of alkyl-, dialkyl-, triaUcyl-, and tetraaUcyl-l,4-naphthalenediones.in... 

Snook etal. (3756, 3757) reported identification of numerous alkyl-, dialkyl-, and multialkyl-B[a]As in CSC. Subsequent research indicated a host of mono- to pentaalkyl-PAHs in the CSC. Their major precursors were tobacco terpenoid compounds, e.g., solanesol, neophytadiene. 

The probe kinetic methodology developed by Scaiano [23] to study radicals and biradicals by laser flash photolysis (LFP) methodology is readily extended to carbenes. LFP (308, 337, 351, or 355 nm) of diazirine or diazo compounds in the presence of pyridine produces carbenes, which generally react rapidly lO M sec" ) to form ylides. [28,29] Ylides are much easier to monitor than the carbenes because they have intense UV-Vis absorption and microsecond lifetimes. Pyridine ylide methodology has enabled LFP studies of alkyl, dialkyl, alkylhalo, dihalo and carbonylcarbenes. It is now a standard tool and will be used as long as LFP studies of simple carbenes are performed. 

For example, interaction of 3-ethoxycarbonylmethylquinuclidine-2-carb-oxylic acid (XX) with thionyl chloride readily gave an acylchloride which by reaction with primary and secondary amines can be converted to 3-ethoxy-carbonylmethyl-quinuclidine-2-carboxamides. Reduction of these amidoesters with lithium aluminiumhydride afforded 3-(j8-hydroxyethyl)-2-alkyl(dialkyl)-aminomethylquinuclidines [91, 97]. 

My next encounter with polymeric materials came when I was studying the preparation and reaction of a series of halogenated alkyl dialkyl amines. ... 

Takeuchi H, Hayakawa S, Tanahashi T, Kobayashi A, Adachi T, Higuchi D (1991) Novel generation of parent, alkyl, dialkyl and alicyclic nitrenium ions in photolyses of pyridinium, quinolinium, bipyridinium and phenanthrolinium salts and aromatic N-substitution by nitrenium ions. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 847-855... 

Many representatives of the trialkyl orthophosphate ester, dialkyl alkyl (or aryl) phosphonate ester, alkyl dialkyl (or diaryl)-phosphinate, and trialkyl (or triaryl) phosphine oxide class have been investigated. Judging from the reviews available, none of the more exotic types appears to offer any particular advantage over tributyl orthophosphate as a selective extractant for resolving lanthanide mixtures. Most are either viscous liquids or solids that require a diluent, and for the most part the individual separation factors to be had are unspectacular. 

Acyclic Homocarbenes (Methylene, Alkyl-, Dialkyl-, Alkenyl-, and Alkynylcarbenes)... 

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