Stove window

Worldwide sales of glass-ceramic products exceed 500 million a year. The highest volume is in cookware and tableware consumer items (such as plates and bowls) and domestic ovens (stovetops and stove windows). In this section we will look at how these commercially important ceramics are processed. 

Low-expansion glass ceramics are widely used as precision parts (see Chap. 4), cooktop panels, stove windows, and cookware. In this section we will focus on the development of transparent glass ceramics used as stove windows (colourless) and cooktop panels (tinted) glass ceramics for cookware are also briefly discussed within this section. 

Property Field of application Cooktop panel Stove window Cookware... 

Depending on the application of low-expansion glass ceramics - we are now focussing on tinted cooktop panels and colourless stove windows - further physical and chemical properties are required from both the production and the user side. To lower production costs, fast and effective processing is required, for example, tank melting, on-line hot forming of panels, as well as fast nucleation rates and crystal growing are absolutely necessary. Moreover, the application of decoration, which, for example, indicates the hot zones of a final cooktop panel, should be performed at the same time as ceramization takes place, without any influence on the production quality. 

The properties of other glass ceramic products have also been tailored to special household applications the properties of the glass ceramic Robax were adapted to its use as stove windows. Chemical strengthening of the surface of another glass ceramic used for cooktops can improve their functionality. 

Property cooktop panel Field of application cooktop panel stove window cookware... 

Low coefficient of thermal expansion and the consequent resistance to thermal shock arises when the thermal expansion of the crystalline phase is very low. In the lithium-alumina silicate system described in Table 6.16, the crystals are either )8-quartz or /3-spodumene solid solutions that have very low, or even negative, volume thermal expansion. [Expansion is positive along one crystal axis (c) and negative along the other two a and >).] These properties led to applications as varied as cookware, stovetops and stove windows, and giant (8-meter-diameter) earth-based telescope mirror substrates. 

Applications include transparent cookware (Visions , thermal expansion = 7 x 10 V°C), optical materials (e.g., ring-laser gyroscopes), telescope mirror blanks (Zerodur ), infrared-transmitting electric range tops, wood-stove windows, fire door glazing... 

Applications. The wide variety of applications include electric range tops, wood stove windows, telescope mirrors, cooking utensils, dinnerware, building facing materials, radomes, precision electronic parts, fluid amplifiers, inkjet printer heads, dental prosthe-ses, and many more. 

Applications. Defroster tubes (refrigerators), radiant electric heater substrates, lab ware, high-temperature fumace/stove windows, UV-transmitting windows, UV lamps. These are examples only many specialized applications exist... 

Two years later I bought a stationary trailer, like a small mobile home. I thought that if I bought a new trailer I wouldn t have mold problems I didn t think about the formaldehyde and what it would do to my health. Even though I bought two fans and put them in the windows to pull the air out, I had bronchitis really bad by that evening. I had to disconnect the gas stove and central heat. I cook on a hot plate, which isn t much fun. 

In your kitchen (T= 25°C) you drop a small bottle with 20 mL of the solvent 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform, MCF) that you use for cleaning purposes. The bottle breaks and the solvent starts to evaporate. The doors and the windows are closed. On your stove there is an open pan containing 2 L of cold olive oil. Furthermore, on the floor there is a large bucket that is filled with 50 L of water. The air volume of the kitchen is 30 m3. Calculate the concentration of MCF in the air, in the water in the bucket, and in the olive oil at equilibrium by assuming that the adsorption of MCF to any other phases/surfaces present in the kitchen can be neglected. Consider MCF as an apolar compound. You can find some important physical-chemical data in Appendix C and in Fig. 6.7. Comment on any assumption that you make. 

Excellent for cleaning automobile windshields, household windows, refrigerators, stove tops, and kitchen counter surfaces. It removes grease and dirt and is easy to wipe off because of the lubricity provided by the silicone fluid. This formulation also provides anti-fog properties. 

If your stove is near a window, do not use curtains, as they may blow over the burner and catch fire. 

I want to talk about some of the common operations in laboratory alchemy and hopefully allay some of the fears in their performance. Foremost in this is the process of distillation. You have all done this. Maybe you did not recognize it as such. You put a pot on the stove to simmer, then return to check it, lift the lid and liquid streams off. This liquid has distilled from the contents of the pot. You breathe on a cold glass window and it condenses to liquid drops. This is distillation. 

Natural gas, or methane, is the fuel burned in gas furnaces, gas hot-water heaters, and gas stoves. Gas that leaks from a gas pipe can diffuse throughout a house. Because natural gas is odorless, companies that supply the fuel include a compound with a distinct odor to warn customers of a leak. If the gas is effusing through a small hole in a pipe, the customer has time to shut off the gas supply, open windows to allow the gas to diffuse, and call the gas company to report the leak. If there is a break in a gas line, the customer must leave the house immediately because natural gas can explode when it comes in contact with an open flame or spark. 

FIGURE 22.4 Naturally occurring muscovite mica. The mechanical properties of crystals of mica are quite anisotropic. Thin sheets can be peeled off a crystal of mica by hand, but the sheets resist stresses in other directions more strongly. Transparent, thin sheets of mica, sometimes called isinglass, have been used for heat-resistant windows in stoves or in place of window glass. 

Many aluminosilicate glass ceramics are based on framework structures of AIO4 tetrahedra, which, when crystallized, posseses low thermal expansions. This gives the glass ceramics based on them near zero expansions and thus excellent dimensional stability, thermal shock resistance, and mechanical strength. Aluminosilicate glass ceramics are used commercially as telescope mirrors, thermally stable structures for satellites and space probes, gyroscope components, heat-resistant windows, stove tops, and cookware. 

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