Stitched fabric-reinforced composites

Fiber reinforced thermosetting polymer composites have been used in the form of laminate, sandwich, grid stiffened, stitched, Z-pinned, three-dimensional (3-D) woven fabric, and hybrid structures. In addition to carrying the designed static/dynamic loads, most composite stmcmres experience some kind of low or high velocity impact incidents during their life cycle. A low velocity impact is not uncommon. For example, dropping a tool on to a composite stmcmre... 

Three dimensional structures of multiaxial warp knitted fabrics have been recently developed for multidirectional reinforcement of composites. Multilayers of linear yams are assembled in warp (0°), weft (90°) and bias ( 0) directions to provide in-plane reinforcement in specific directions and they are stitched together by knitting yams to provide structural integrity and through the thickness reinforcement [1,2,3,4,5]. 

Ultrapure silica or quartz fibers are used in fabrics, yams, rovings and threads. Fabrics are used to reinforce radomes, antenna windows for missiles, high temperature circuit boards, and rocket nose cones. Braided yarns provide high temperature electrical insulation, e.g., for coaxial cables, thermocouple wires, and space separators. Rovings are used to reinforce polymer matrix composites for ablative and electrical uses, as well as high performance sporting goods, e.g., tennis racquets and skis, especially when hybridized with carbon fibers. Threads are used to stitch cable tray insulation for nuclear power plants. 

The structural masonry member confinement should be carried out with the help of fabrics, sheets, and bars (otherwise called ground anchors) of composite material. Fabrics are applied on the contour as external continuous wrapping or discontinuous wrapping the bars are arranged inside the column, in order to realize suitably widespread reinforced stitches. 

The stitched multilayer woven fabric is a type of solid stmcture. This type of stmcture has been investigated, and the composite made from the preform of such a stmcture has been used for various applications such as for T-section reinforcement (Soden et al., 1999). The honeycomb stmcture provides potential, particularly, in lightweight engineering when reinforced for composite having enhanced mechanical... 

Chapters 9 through 11 all belong to a class of processes called liquid composite molding (LCM). In this class of processes, one usually transfers the resin from a reservoir into a network of fibers. The fiber network is formed from any type of reinforcement from random mat to woven, stitched, noncrimp and bidirectional fabrics. This class of processes is very attractive as one can make net shape parts from composites using continuous fibers and have good control over the orientation of the fibers so one can tailor the properties as required by the design. Usually thermoset matrices are used... 

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