Steel Pipe Sizes

Figure 2-9 compares the measurement differences for tubes (outside diameter) and iron or steel pipe size... 

In these tests, usual carbon steel was wittingly used, as the aim was to test combustion of pyrolysis oil in a common fossil oil burner system. The pipeline and the heat exchanger of pyrolysis oil feed were of St 37.4 DIN 2391 precision steel pipe (size 10 X 1), so-called Ermeto-pipe. The pipeline clearly corroded during the tests, vririch was also seen in an increase in the iron content of oil. It is self-evident that the durability of materials, both steel and seals, has to be ensured in the design of a special pyrolysis oil burner and fuel line to it. 

For horizontal hare standard steel pipe of various sizes in a room at 80 F... 

Figure 9-42 is a plot of the number of labor-hours of field erec tion time per joint against the nominal pipe size of shop-fabricated carbon steel and low-alloy pipe. The unit of work measurement used in this... 

Cement-Lined Steel Cement-hned steel pipe is made by lining steel pipe with special cement. Its use prevents pickup of iron by the fluid handled, corrosion of the metal by brackish water, and growth of tuberculation. Threaded pipe in sizes from to 4 in is stocked however, cement-lined pipe in sizes smaller than in is not considered practical for common use. 

Wood and Wood-Lined Steel Pipe Douglas fir, white pine, redwood, and cypress are the most common woods used for wood pipe. Wood-lined steel pipe is suitable for temperatures up to 82°C (180°F) and for pressures from 1.4 MPa (200 Ibhin ) for the 4-in size, through 0.86 MPa (125 IbFin ) for the 10-in size, to 0.7 MPA (100 Ibf/ in") for sizes larger than 10 in. For fume stacks and similar uses, wood-stave pipe with rods on 0.3-m (1-ft) centers is most satisfactory because it permits periodic tightening. In recent years reinforced plastics have supplanted wood pipe in most applications. 

Shell Sizes Heat-exchanger shells are generally made from standard-wall steel pipe in sizes up to 305-mm (12-in) diameter from 9.5-mm (ys-in) wall pipe in sizes from 356 to 610 mm (14 to 24 in) and from steel plate rolled at discrete intervals in larger sizes. Clearances between the outer tube limit and the shell are discussed elsewhere in connection with the different types of construc tion. 

Steel pipe in a cooling water return header contained numerous deep pits on internal surfaces one pit penetrated the pipe wall (Fig. 5.8). Pits range in size from pinpoint depressions to y2-in. (1.3-cm) pockets. Some pits are filled... 

Figure 6.18 Pinhead-sized, shell-like organisms covering a carbon steel pipe surface.

Overhead tanks, purifiers, and degasing drums are covered. All pipe welding is to be done according to Section IX of the ASME code, and all piping must be seamless carbon steel, minimum schedule 80 for sizes inches (38.1 mm) and smaller, and a minimum of schedule 40 for pipe sizes 2 inches (50.8 mm) or greater. 

Size, Spacing and Number of Burner Jets - The jet nozzles are 380 mm lengths of 25 mm stainless steel pipe. They discharge vertically from the horizontal burner lines, which run across the bottom of the stack. The jet nozzles are not insulated. 

Most of the byproduct HCl is used captively, primarily in oxyhydrochlorination processes for making vinyl chloride and chlorinated solvents or for Mg processing (p, 110), The scale of the industry is enormous for example, 5,2 million tonnes of HCl per annum in the US alone (1993), HCl gas for industrial use can be transmitted without difficult over moderate distances in mild-steel piping or in tank cars or trailers. It is also available in cylinders of varying size down to laboratory scale lecture bottles containing 225 g. Aqueous hydrochloric acid consumption (1993) was 1,57 Mt (100% basis). Price for anhydrous HCl is 330/tonne and for 31,4% aqueous acid 73/tonne (1993) depending on plant location and amount required. 

Figure 2-9. Dimension comparison of tubing and IPS (iron pipe size) steel piping. By permission, Tri-Clover, Inc.

Comparison of dimensions and flow area for Tubing and Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Steel Pipe. 

Minimum size of pipe is, sometimes dictated by structural considerations, i.e., l/i-inch Schedule 40 steel pipe is considered the smallest size to span a 15 to 20 pipe rack without intermediate support. 

Friction loss in rubber-lined pipe is usually considered equivalent to that in new steel pipe of one-half to one nominal size smaller, with little or no change due to aging, unless knowm conditions can be interpolated. For a given inside diameter, the friction loss is the same (or slightly less) than clean steel pipe. 

The system of Figure 2-27 consists of 125 feet of unknown size schedule 40 steel pipe on the discharge side of a centrifugal pump. The flow rate is 500 gallons per minute at 7o°F. Although the tank is located above the pump, note that this elevation difference does not enter into the pipe size-friction drop calculations. How ever it will become a part of selection of the pump for the serrice (see Chapter 3). For quick estimate follow these steps ... 

A-6 Altitude and Atmospheric Pressures, 578 A-7 Vapor Pressure Curves, 579 A-8 Pressure Conversion Chart, 580 A-9 Vacuum Conversion, 581 A-10 Decimal and Millimeter Equivalents of Fractions, 582 A-11 Particle Size Measurement, 582 . A-12 Viscosity Conversions, 583 A-13 Viscosity Conversion, 584 A-14 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data, 585 A-15 ... 

A-11 Particle Size Measurement, 434 A-l 2 Viscosity Conversions, 435 A-13 Viscosity Conversions, 436 A-14 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data, 437 A-15 Stainless Steel Pipe Data, 440 A-16 Properties of Pipe, 441 A-17 Equation of Pipes, 450 A-l 8 Circumferences and Areas of Circles, 451 A-19 Capacities of Cylinders and Spheres,... 

The drill string design is to determine an optimum combination of drill pipe sizes and steel grades for the lowest cost of string or the lowest total load (in... 

Maximum recommended airflow (l/s free air) through medium series steel pipe for branch mains not exceeding 15 meters in length (see BS 1387). The flow values are based on maximum recommended peak flows. Normal steady air consumption should not exceed 80 per cent of these figures in pipe sizes 20 mm nominal bore and above. 

Nominal Pipe Size Inches Outside Diameter Inches Iron Pipe Size Steel Sched, No. Stainless Steel Sched. No. Wall Thickness (t) Inches Inside Diameter (d) Inches... 

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