Steel continued washed

Acid nitroglycerine flows into a battery of stainless steel continuous washing tanks (3) and (4) provided with stirrers (580 r.p.m.). The first tank (3) is fed with 12% sodium carbonate solution. This is one of the characteristic features of the Biazzi process and represents a radical change in approach to the stabilization of nitroglycerine since for the first time the acid nitroglycerine is treated directly with sodium carbonate solution without previous water washing. The heat of neutralization in tank (3) is removed by means of a water cooling jacket. 

Electrochemical protection of bleach washers has permitted the continued use of lower alloyed stainless steels, while washing conditions have become more corrosive. Electrochemical protection was applied successfully in an early chlorine dioxide washer [101], Electrochemical protection at slighdy cathodic potentials was commercially appUed for C- and D-stage washers [51,102-106], The effectiveness of electrochemical protection has been assessed by means of coupons [104],... 

Continuous wash-coating of microstmctured metal foils is possible using coating machines, as shown in Figure 10.15. In a continuous process, a microstructured steel coil stmctured by wet-chemical etching is unwound from a roll and continuously coated with the catalyst slurry. If required, the metal foil could be singularised later, to any plate size by laser-cutting at defined positions. 

Tin is anodic to steel in alkaline solutions, the corrosion rate for a continuous coating being similar to that of pure tin, and tinned articles that are washed in aerated alkaline detergents slowly lose their coating. 

Forms azeotropic mixts with butyl ale, acetic acid, heptane, toluene, nitroethane, perchioro-ethylene, w, etc. Prepn is by reacting propyl ale with coned nitric acid (d 1.41g/cc) dissolved in ethylacetate at 20°, followed by distn of the product. NPN can also be preod bv reacting a continuous stream of propyl ale below the surface of stirred mixed acid (20% nitric acid, 68% sulfuric acid and 12% w by wt) in a cooled (0—5°) open stainless steel vessel. Addnl mixed acid is also simultaneously introduced at about a third of the depth of the liq. An overflow pipe maintains a constant reactant level and the effluent prod is sepd, washed with 10% aq Na carbonate soln and dried by passage thru a Filtrol packed tower. Contact time of reactants can vary from 0.6 to 15 mins using about 50% isopropanol at 0° to yield 66.5% NPN (Ref 3b)... 

The continuous method of nitroglycerine manufacture invented by A. Schmid [38] involves not only continuous nitration, but also continuous separation and washing of the product. A novel idea introduced by Schmid was the nitrator made of acid-resistant steel with mechanical stirring (Fig. 38). 

One hundred and six grams (i mole) of benzaldehyde (Note i) and 107 g. (1 mole) of m-toluidine are mixed in a suitable flask the temperature rises to about 6o° (Notes 2 and 3). The mixture is cooled below 35° in cold water, 200 cc. of ether is added, and the solution is placed in the steel reaction vessel of a high-pressure hydrogenation apparatus.1,2 Eight to ten grams of Raney nickel catalyst (p. 15) is added, the bomb is closed, and hydrogen is admitted up to 1000 lb. pressure (Note 4). The bomb is shaken continuously at room temperature for fifteen minutes (Note 5). The contents are removed, and the bomb is washed out with two 200-cc. portions of ether. After the catalyst has been separated by filtration (Note 6), the ether is removed by distillation and the product is distilled from a modified Claisen flask (Note 7). After a small fore-run the A-benzyl-m-toluidine boils at i53-i57°/4 mm. 3iS-3i7°/76o mm. The yield is 175-185 g. (89-94 per cent of the theoretical amount) (Notes 8 and 9). 

The separated nitrated product is continuously drawn off from the first separator into a stainless -steel wash tank equipped with a cylindrical baffle and an impeller-type agitator. Water is continuously added to the washer and the mixt overflows... 

For the first step, 12 g. of ground coal and 120 ml. of alkaline solution were mixed and placed in a 300-ml. stainless steel autoclave equipped with a turbine agitator. The system was flushed with nitrogen and then heated to the desired temperature while the mixture was stirred continuously. After a period of treatment at constant temperature and pressure, the autoclave was cooled quickly, and the contents were filtered to recover the coal. The filter cake was washed with 400 ml. of distilled water, dried at 90 C for 4 hr., weighed, and analyzed for total sulfur and ash. A portion of the alkali-treated coal (usually 2.5-3.0 g) was leached for an additional... 

Koichi Fukase et al. reported an example of oligosaccharide synthesis by combining microreactors and an isolation strategy called synthesis based on affinity separation (SAS) [72, 73], The glycosylation was carried out under continuous flow, and the mixture was directly sent to the stainless steel affinity column, and the flow channel was switched to wash the column with CH2C12. The labeled disaccharide was trapped in the column later to be eluted with a mixture of CH2C12 and methanol to obtain the isolated oligosaccharide product. 

Bar-code label (with also alphanumeric readout) Adhesive label, 8 mm x 20 mm (approximately) Sample preparation form, carbonless, duphcate Chpboard for sample preparation form Laboratory notebook Pen, permanent, archive approved Marker, permanent Pair of scissors Forceps, stainless steel Sealing film Spatula, stainless steel, spoon type Absorbent wipe, standard Laboratory coat Gloves, latex Gloves, durable, chemically resistant Disposable items (continued) Waste bottle, wide mouth, volume 2 liters with chemical resistant lid Waste bottle, wide mouth, volume 4 liters with chemical resistant lid Wash bottle, polyethylene, 250 ml 1 pack 1 pack 1 set 1 1 2 4 1 5 1 pack 12 4 2 boxes 2 coats 2 boxes 1 pack 1 pack Minimum number 1 1 2... 

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