Steam tests

To an ice-cold mixture of 1.0 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid and 5 ml of saturated aqueous potassium dichromate solution, add 2 ml of the alcohol or its concentrated aqueous solution. If the alcohol is not miscible with the reagent, shake the reaction mixture vigorously. After 5 minutes, dilute with an equal volume of water, distil and collect the first few ml of the aqueous distillate in a test tube cooled in ice. (Aldehydes and ketones are volatile in steam.) Test a portion of the distillate for a carbonyl compound with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent (p. 1218). If a solid derivative is obtained, indicating that the compound was a primary or secondary alcohol, test a further portion with SchifFs reagent (p. 1291) to distinguish between the two possibilities. The derivative may be recrystallised the m.p. may give a preliminary indication of the identity of the alcohol. 

The pre-op team steam tested the equipment with up to 50 psig (345 kPa gauge) steam to check for any system leaks. Prior to the steam test, temporary piping 8 inches (20 cm) in diameter was installed to the pre-engineered 24-inch (61 cm) vent to release the steam to the atmosphere. The A Unit and the B Unit coker shared a common vent line to the atmosphere. Unfortunately, the design of the piping modification created a loop that could collect water as the steam condensed. 

Catalysts CPS (Mettallated and Cyclic) steaming. Test Conditions Davison Circulating Riser, Reactor Temperature 521° C, Full Bum Regenerator, Countrymark feed. 

Both steam and alcohol are useful techniques for the removal of sodium residues from piping systems and components. The principal disadvantage of steam recleaning is the possibility of high-temperature excursions due to the low heat capacity of the steam. Tests have been conducted in which these temperature rises are minimized by dilution of the steam with an inert gas. This humid-gas technique is recommended for recleaning operations where the use of steam would be preferable to alcohol and where local overtemperature could result in system equipment damage. 

After addn of a test soln, hold paper over steam Test soln warmed with a few drops of NH3 and a drop of 10% H2O2 in a test tube acidified, and reagent added Neutral or slightly acidic test soln + reagent on filter paper Ammoniacal... 

The claim that the system can be operated to recover 80% of the feedwater volume as permeate was achieved in the demonstartion program. Average water recovery (volume reduction) for the first five runs was 83%. The volume reduction for the extended run was 96%, and represents the maximum volume reduction capability of the unit for the waste steam tested. 

Pollard and Edwards (1977) did work to determine the permissible limits of lead and tin in the ZA-12 alloys. Borbe et al. (1978) claimed that 12 ppm N2 in 10% or 22% aluminum alloys improved both stain resistance and acid resistance at room temperature. Recent work by Noranda (personal communication) on ZA-27 alloys with excess lead (0.0105%), tin (0.011%), or cadmium (0.008%) subjected to a steam test (95°C, 95% humidity) for up to 100 days indicated that the bulk of the corrosion was in the zinc-rich phase. 

Raising the temperature increases die dissolution of zinc and the ZA alloys (Belisle and DuFresne, 1986) in water. A marked increase occurs up to about 60°C, followed by a decrease at higher temperatures. Intergranular corrosion of the zinc-aluminum casting alloys is a risk above about 70 C in wet or humid conditions (e.g., in steam), when no protective layer can form and selective dissolution of the structure occurs. A steam test at 95°C is indeed a standard method of checking whether alloys have been correctly produced. 

Pelzel, E. (1977). Das Korrosionsverhalten von Zinkwalslegierungen in Freigelande und im Damptest (The corrosion behavior of rolled zinc alloys in the open air and in the steam test). Metall, 31(9), 978-981 (in German). 

When the fuel rod segments were heated in a dry air atmosphere, much higher release fractions were observed (Collins et al., 1988). At 500 and 700 °C test temperatures, the iodine release fractions were considerably larger than those obtained in steam tests conducted at the same temperature likewise, at 700 °C the cesium release fraction was larger by about a factor of 60 than it was in a steam atmosphere. This increase in release rates was assumed to be caused by an increased porosity of the fuel pellet as a consequence of superficial UO2 oxidation, as well as of oxidation of iodide originally present in the fuel and in the gap to elemental iodine. 

Replace heads. 12. Steam test and purge the drum to ensure their heads 1.0... 

In Japan, valves are manufactured under a strict quality control system to minimize the manufacturing errors. In case of manufacturing error exists, steam tests and nitrogen gas tests are conducted in a pre-operational test to confirm the set pressure. Nitrogen gas test is conducted in a periodical inspection to confirm that the shift of the set pressure is within the allowable limit. 

UV cross-linking of thienyl acrylate modified polymer nanofibers in the solid state, demonstrated. Water stability of these proven by steam test at 95°C. 

Somewhat more consistent results together with a better differentiation of coarse material was achieved by a reduction of the steam test pressure to 100 psi. Modification of the production route to include a high temperature heat treatment, followed by a water quench gave some Improvement in corrosion resistance of the subsequent Zlrcaloy-2 tubes. 

The different atmospheres (steam and hydrogen) exerted obvious influmices on the pineal behavior of the fuel. In the three steam tests, the fuel specimens remained upright and generalfy... 

FIG. 8. Power levels of the PANDA-IC calculated with ATHLET as a function ofpressure for the pure steam tests. 

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