Static partitioning

Where Western science has heretofore been predicated on (1) static partitions of S2 (modulo our co-evolved senses and language), and (2) simple, linear chains of cause o effect, the generalized CA-based physics represents a paradigm shift to (1) causal webs, and (2) fully coevolving object interaction hierarchies and dynamic partitions. 

In a static partition, the atom (necessarily radioactive in the present context) is distributed between two immiscible phases (liquid and/or solid). Since this procedure is sequential, the accuracy in the measurement of the average concentrations increases with the number of trials. For a given system, under given conditions, the determination of one partition coefficient (D) requires numerous repetitive experiments, even for the more simple case involving only one chemical species in each phase. The experimental conditions must always ensure that at the end of the experiment, the atom has reached permanent partition equilibrium between the two phases. Moreover, the short half-life of the nucleus does not bring any perturbation since there is only one alternative either the measurement indicates in which phase the atom is or the atom has disintegrated before the measurement and no information is obtained. 

Among the static partition techniques, solvent extraction was the most used for heavy elements studies. For instance RJ. Silva et al. [12] using a mixture... 

Static headspace GC/MS. The partitioning of volatile and semivolatile compounds between two phases in a sealed container. An aliquot of the headspace gas generated is injected onto a gas chromatographic column. This is followed by mass spectrometric analysis of compounds eluting from the gas chromatograph. 

Except for the nonlocal last term in the exponent, this expression is recognized as the average of the one-dimensional quantum partition function over the static configurations of the bath. This formula without the last term has been used by Dakhnovskii and Nefedova [1991] to handle a bath of classical anharmonic oscillators. The integral over q was evaluated with the method of steepest descents leading to the most favorable bath configuration. 

The remarkably ordered behavior of N, 2)-nets derives principally from the appearance of a connected frozen core of sites, each element of which remains frozen in a fixed stattn This frozen core creates percolating walls of constancy that effectively partition the not into a dynamically static subset and (dynamically) isolated islands of sites that continue evolving but are incapable of communicating through the frozen core. 

Barrett and Thomas (10)proposed that these effects of differential monomer adsorption could be modeled by correcting homogeneous solution copolymerization reactivity ratios with the monomer s partition coefficient between the particles and the diluent. The partition coefficient is measured by static equilibrium experiments. Barrett s suggested equations are ... 

Component Transport Transport through membranes can be considered as mass transfer in series (1) transport through a polarization layer above the membrane that may include static or dynamic cake layers, (2) partitioning between the upstream polarization layer and membrane phases at the membrane surface, (3) transport through the membrane, and (4) partitioning between the membrane and downstream fluid. 

Poecilia reticulata, under static and semi-static conditions, quoted, Devillers et al. 1996) Sorption Partition Coefficient, log K ... 

The most common technique for the radiochemical determination of complexing constants utilizes partition methods which are based on reactions between two phases under static or dynamic conditions (chromatography). Partition methods offer the advantages of simplicity and rapidity and are amenable to a broad selection of phase compositions and arrangements. One of the most reliable partition methods, especially useful for measuring 0 , is solvent extraction. It is best applied to systems which exhibit compound formation (11). 

For the very heavy elements which are not available in micro-or nanogram quantities or which are synthesized one atom at a time , partition methods are the only practical way of determining complexing constants. When the half-life of an element is short, dynamic rather than static procedures are used since they give the most rapid experimental results (12). 

Static dissipative grades covers, guards, access panels, machine windows and doors, static control shields, glove boxes, electronic equipment, process instrumentation, conveyor line covers, clean room windows and doors, partitions and pass through modules... 

There are two general experimental approaches commonly used for determining air-water partition constants, the static and the dynamic equilibration approach. A detailed description of the different existing variations of the two methods can be found in the review by Staudinger and Roberts (1996) and in the literature cited therein. Here we will confine ourselves to a few remarks on the general concepts of these experimental approaches. 

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