State Electricity Commission

As stated before, volatile carbon % is considered to be one of the most important parameters of hydroliquefaction. Also a fairly good linear relationship between the volatile carbon % in coal and low temperature tar yield from coal is found in Morwell brown coals, based on the data from the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) in Australia, as shown in Fig.9 Therefore, the low temperature tar yield is also estimated to be an important parameter. In addition, the color tone of brown coal (lithotypes) is shown in this figure. From this figure, it is observed that both volatile carbon % and low temperature tar yield are in a fairly good relation to the color tone of brown coal. Thus, as proposed by the Australian researchers, the color tone of brown coal is considered to be an important parameter. 

Victorian brown coals (Yallourn, Morwell) used here and their data on coal characteristics were offered by the Herman Research Laboratory of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria, to whom the authors wish to express their appreciation. In addition, they wish to thank Nissho-Iwai Co. Ltd. who kindly acted as intermediary with respect to Victorian brown coals studied. 

McPhail, I., Murray, J.B., Victoria, State Electricity Commission, Scientific Div. Rep. MR-155, 1969... 

Victorian Brown Coal Council, 136 Exhibition Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia State Electricity Commission of Victoria, Herman Research Laboratory, Howard Street, Richmond 3121, Australia... 

Since 1920 Latrobe Valley brown coal has been developed for power generation. The State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) wins coal from two major open cuts at Yallourn and Morwell and operates coal fired power stations which presently consume approximately 35 million metric tons per annum. In addition to power generation, small quantities of brown coal are used for briquette manufacture and char production. 

The development and adaptation of modern analytical techniques for analysis of Victorian brown coal was pioneered jointly in the 1960 s by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. As a result, the total coal analysis time was halved and the determination of the ash forming constituents directly on the coal took one sixth of the time of conventional ash analysis. More importantly brown coal analysis was put onto a rational basis taking its unique properties into account, thereby providing more pertinent information concerning the genesis, occurrence and use of Victorian brown coal. 

In addition to the variation of chemical properties within coal seams, significant variation also occurs between different coal fields in Victoria. An extensive research program in which this variation was investigated has been conducted by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria on behalf of the Victorian Brown Coal Council. 

The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), the Victorian Brown Coal Council (VBCC), and the companies in the VBCC Industrial Participants Group. The associated drilling, logging and sampling activities were managed by the SECV s Geological and Exploration Division, and the analytical work was performed by the staff at the Herman Research Laboratory. 

We are very grateful to Messrs Kiss and Stacy, State Electricity Commission of Victoria, Herman Laboratories, Richmond, Victoria, for giving us their Gas Adsorption data and for lending us the Kratky Camera. In addition, we thank the Brown Coal Council, Victoria, for their continued financial support and, the National Energy Research, Development and Demonstration Council for the grant to purchase an updated Kratky Camera. 

The authors acknowledge the Victorian Brown Coal Council and the State Electricity Commission of Victoria for the provision of coal samples. Mr S. Bombard is thanked for technical assistance. 

George, A. M. State Electricity Commission of Victoria, Petrographic Report No. 17, 1975. 

It should be pointed out that the lithotype classification for brown coal does not conform to that for black coal. To date, the International Committee for Coal Petrology (ICCP) has not finalized a brown coal lithotype classification however, it is generally agreed that a lithotype classification should be based on macroscopic characteristics that can be determined in open cut faces. This principle has been followed in classifying the Latrobe Valley coals according to a system developed and used by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) (25). 

The authors thank the State Electricity Commission of Victoria for provision of the brown coal samples and the analytical data on them, the Australian Coal Industries Research Laboratories Ltd. for provision of the black coal sample, and the National Coal Research Advisory Council for financial assistance. We also thank J. K. Emmett for helpful discussions. 

Victoria, State Electricity Commission, Brown Coal Research Division, Sept. 1977, Report No. 342. 

Analysis. The original coal and the various fractions were analyzed for carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen by the C.S.I.R.O. Microanalytical Service. Ash contents were determined in a standard ashing furnace (14). Phenolic, carboxylic, and carbonyl oxygen contents were determined by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria, using methods developed by them for brown coals (15). 

The work was supported financially by the Australian Research Grants Committee and the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, and chemical analyses were performed by the Chemistry Department of the University of Melbourne and by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. The assistance of these bodies is gratefully acknowledged. We thank especially H. A. J. Battaerd for his encouragement and advice at many stages of the work. 

McPhail, I. Murray J. B. Victorian State Electricity Commission, Sci. Div. 

Recently, a steam-fluidized bed drying process being implemented at a plant operated by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), Australia, uses a heat exchanger supplied by an external high-pressure steam source to dry finely ground brown coal. A tube network immersed... 

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