Starch ointment

The active ingredient in starch ointment is topical starch 51%. It also contains benzyl alcohol, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and tocopheryl acetate. 

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Pastes are also semisolid preparations intended for external application to the skin, and differ from ointments and creams in that they contain a high solid content. Pastes are made stiff by the addition of powders such as starch, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate or their mixtures. 

Compound Benzoic acid Ointment (For Salicylic acid) 2-5 g Starch solution Each ml of 0.1 N bromine = 0.002302 g Of CyHgOj... 

Lipophilic ointment (oil ointment) consists of a lipophilic base (paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, wool fat [lanolin]) and may contain up to 10 % powder materials, such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, starch, or a mixture of these. Emulsifying ointments are made of paraffins and an emulsifying wax, and are miscible with water. 

Pastes Ointment-like mixtures of starch, dextrin, zinc oxide, sulfur, calcium carbonate, or other medicinal substances made into a smooth paste with glycerin, soft soap, petrolatum, lard, or other fats, and medicated with antiseptic or astringent agents, designed for external use. Early pastes, such as Pasta Glycyrrhizae and Pasta Althaeae, were internal preparations, most of which were of gum-like consistency. The modern pastes were introduced by the noted... 

Pastes maybe defined as ointments incorporating a high percentage of insoluble particulate solids, sometimes as much as or more than 50%. The use of this high amount of insoluble particulate matter renders a stiffness to thesystem as a result of direct interactions between the dispersed particulates and by absorption of the liquid hydrocarbons from the vehicles onto the surface of the particles. Because of the stiffness, they remain in place after application and are used effectively to absorb serous secretions. Pastes as such are not suited for application to hairy parts of the body. Examples of insoluble ingredients serving as the dispersed phase include starch, zinc oxide, and calcium... 

Among the few pastes in use today is zinc oxide paste (Lassar s Plain Zinc Paste) (Example 12), which is prepared by levigating and then mixing 25% each of zinc oxide and starch with white petrolatum. The product is very firm and is better able to protect the skin and absorb secretions than is zinc oxide ointment. 

Starch is also used in topical preparations for example, it is widely used in dusting powders for its absorbency, and is used as a protective covering in ointment formulations applied to the skin. Starch mucilage has also been applied to the skin as an emollient, has formed the base of some enemas, and has been used in the treatment of iodine poisoning. 

Carboxymethyl)starch causes diarrhea in experimental rats, and this effect increases with the DS of the product. 0-(Carboxymethyl)amylose is more laxative than 0-(carboxymethyl)amylopectin.1127 Despite this result, (car-boxymethyl)starch has been proposed as a texture and taste improver for ice cream.1128 1129 Aluminum salts of this material have been patented as antiulcer preparations.679 A syrup conatining 0-(carboxymethyl)starch the treatment of respiratory ailments was patented.797 Glyceryl starch was reported as a component of protective ointments.1130... 

Uses Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer for foods, beverages, chewing gum protective coating on fruits aerating agent starch complexing agent dispersant, stabilizer for fats carrier, solvent for colors and fat-sol. antioxidants emulsifier in cosmetic and pharmaceutical creams, lotions, ointments emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, solubilizer for pharmaceutical tablets... 

Triamcinolone acetonide is a low dose active substance, usually micronised and thus agglomerised as well. For homogeneous dispersion in a base the use of a concentrate is recommended a trituration of triamcinolone acetonide with rice starch 1 10 or a semisolid trituration with a cream or ointment base. In this way a better mixing ratio as well as deagglomeration can be achieved (see Sect. 29.3). 

Some substances are available in several degrees of fineness. The raw material triamcinolone acetonide is available as a micronised powder, to be used if triamcinolone acetonide is dispersed in a base. The micronisation may increase dissolution rate and hence bioavailability. It has, however, a strong agglomeration tendency and therefore cannot be processed as such. The 1 to 10 dispersion with rice starch contains micronised triamcinolone acetonide, whose particles don t agglomerate any more due to the presence of rice starch and it may be preferred for the preparation of creams. Triamcinolone acetonide (crystalline form) as such can be used if it is dissolved in propylene glycol (for ointments) or in ethanol (for ear drops). 

These products swell instantly, even in cold water and in ethanol. Dispersions of 1-3% carboxymethyl starch have an ointment-like (pomade) consistency, whereas 3 % dispersions provide a gel-like consistency. These products are of interest as thickeners and gelforming agents. 

Uses Emulsifier, wetting agent, starch stabilizer, base for ointments, creams, suppositories, hairdressing, liq. makeup... 

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