High solids content

The second type of thin-film evaporator, termed a wiped-film evaporator, introduces feed material on a heated waU of a cylinder. Rotating wiper blades continuously spread the feed along the inner waU of the cylinder to maintain uniformity of thickness and to ensure contact with the heated surface. The volatile components are driven off and coUected on an internal chilled condenser surface. The condensate or distUlate is removed continuously. At the end of the process, the residual becomes dry and heavy and drops to the bottom of the unit for removal. The wiped-film evaporator is best suited for treatment of viscous or high-solids content feed. 

In addition, with high solid content of the cooling water and at high flow velocities, severe corrosive conditions exist which continuously destroy surface films. Cathodic protection alone is not sufficient. Additional measures must be undertaken to promote the formation of a surface film. This is possible with iron anodes because the anodically produced hydrated iron oxide promotes surface film formation on copper. 

Use of the K p for precipitation information is often complicated by a number of interfering factors including complexation of metallic ions, high ionic strength solutions, and high solids contents. This principle is applicable solely to ionic compounds, i.e., primarily inorganic compounds. 

J. Reite, Packing Density and Viscosity Limitations in Achieving High Solids Contents in Castable Rocket Propellants , CARDE TR-566/66 (1966) 36) Anon, Catalog and Price... 

The PBX usually employed contains a high solids content expl such as PETN (PBXC-303(1), see in Tables 3, 4 5) which provides for steady -state deton in small cross-sectional channel or tubes (Fig 3). Indeed, this technique was de-... 

Since the 1940s, alkanesulfonates have served as emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of vinylchloride. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms of this process are not yet completely known. An important advantage of using alkanesulfonates is that they produce latices with a high solid content, which can be effectively processed by spray drying [90]. 

It is assumed that most of the monomer has undergone solution polymerization in a batch reactor resulting in a high solids content and a relatively low monomer concentration, herein designated Mq. At this point a certain amount of initiator is to be added to bring the initiator concentration to Iq. It is desired to reduce the monomer concentration Mq to a final concentration Mf (around 0.5 vol%) in the minimum possible time by proper choice of a temperature policy. 

Applications ICP-MS has become the technique of choice for the determination of elements in a wide range of liquid samples at concentrations in the ng L 1 to [igL-1 range. Typical applications of ICP-MS are multi-element analysis of liquids (even with high solid contents) element speciation by hyphenation to chromatographic techniques continuous on-line gas analysis multi-element trace analysis of polymers and trace analysis in high-purity materials. ICP-MS is routinely used for quality control purposes. 

The permeability (kg/m h mbar) for water vapor through the dried product fluctuates by a larger margin, which can be estimated from all six test runs (Table 1.9 and 1.10.1) as 1.1 10-2 25 %. However, the measurement of this data is of interest to judge whether the b/p will influence the process time, as can be the case with products which have a high solid content and are dried with a large thickness. Small b/p can also result from a skin on the surface of the product (see [1.132]). 

Pastes are also semisolid preparations intended for external application to the skin, and differ from ointments and creams in that they contain a high solid content. Pastes are made stiff by the addition of powders such as starch, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate or their mixtures. 

O. Elizalde, J.M. Asua and J.R. Leiza, Monitoring of high solids content starved-semi-batch emulsion copolymerization reactions by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, Appl. Spectrosc., 59, 1270-1279 (2005). 

Wastewater reuse is a good way to reduce overall pollutant loadings. However, water quality is critical in water reuse. The contaminants present must be compatible with the reuse. For example, reuse waters with high solids content are not satisfactory for crude unit desalting. Stripped foul water containing low H2S and ammonia and high concentrations of phenols has essentially no solids. It is suitable for crude unit desalter wash water if the phenols extracted by the crude are subsequently converted by hydroprocessing units into nonphenolic compounds [36]. Some other examples include ... 

Is able to process waste with high solids content. 

The Biolysis process is an aerobic bioremediation treatment designed to treat soils and sludges with a high solids content contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and nonsoluble organics. It... 

The preceding explanation suggests that all suspensions of solids in liquids should exhibit dilatant behavior at high solids contents. Few data are available for evaluation of this conclusion, as the usual examples of dilatant behavior (starch, potassium silicate, and gum arabic in water) (A3, G3) are not true suspensions. The excellent studies of Daniel (Dl) and Verway and De Boer (V3) have indicated under what conditions more dilute suspensions may also exhibit dilatancy. Some of these factors have been summarized by Pryce-Jones (P6). If Reynolds explanation is a valid one, it should be possible to measure the expansion or dilation of the fluid with increases in shear rate. This has been done indirectly Andrade and Fox (A5) measured the dilation of sand suspensions and arrays of cylinders upon the imposition of localized stresses. 

Polymer Selection. The selection of corn starch as the starting material was made due to its low cost, ready availability, multitude of previous derivatization literature work and favorable chemical and physical properties (i.e., inert, readily deriva-tized homopolysaccharide capable of forming high solids content aqueous dispersions with relatively low viscosities). The corn starch used in this study was purchased in bulk from a local food cooperative. Table I gives the proximate analysis of a typical corn starch. 

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