Standard of living

In this manner, we have learned the laws and rules of nature, of compounds and their reactions. Thus, enough knowledge was accumulated to found an entire industry, the chemical industry, which produces a cornucopia of chemicals having a wide range of properties that allow us to maintain our present standard of living. 

Reactions represent the dynamic aspect of chemistry, the interconversion of chemical compounds. Chemical reactions produce the compounds that are sold by industry and that play a big role in maintaining the standard of living of our society they transform the food that we take up in our body into energy and into other compounds and they provide the energy for surviving in a hostile environment and the energy for a large part of our transportation systems. 

Chemistry does not always enjoy the best of reputations. Many of our plants and refineries are still potentially dangerous and may pollute their surroundings. At the same time our society enjoys a high standard of living not in small measure through the results of chemistry, which few would give up. I believe that chemistry can and will be able to bring about an equilibrium between mankind s needs and our environmental concerns. Chemistry will continue to benefit mankind in the spirit of Alfred Nobel, a fellow chemist whose example continues to inspire us all. 

Higher olefins are versatile chemical intermediates for a number of important industrial and consumer products, providing a better standard of living with low environmental impact (qv) in many commercial uses. These uses can be characterized by carbon number and by chemical stmcture. 

Despite the cost of desalination technology, it has made water available in places where it was not before. Not only has water become available in these places, but the quantities available have also opened prospects for industrial development. This has led to important improvements in the standard of living with prospects for even further improvements in countries fortunate enough to be able to meet the cost of the technology. 

As already mentioned, much of the use for plastics just after World War II was as a cheap substitute for traditional materials, and in other cases the material was used for its novelty value. In many instances the result was detrimental to the industry and it required several years of painstaking work by the technical service departments of the major plastics materials manufacturers before confidence was regained in the use of plastics. Even today the public image of plastics is not entirely positive and the significant contribution of plastics to raising the standard of living and quality of life is not fully recognised. 

Domestic and commercial furniture and fittings form another important market. Uses include stacking chairs, armchair body shells, foam upholstery and desk and cupboard drawers, whilst chipboard and decorative laminates are very widely used. The variety of finishes possible at a relatively low cost compared to traditional materials as well as ease of maintenance are important in raising standards of living around the world. As with other applications the use of plastics in furniture is not without its detractors and in particular there is concern... 

Today the phenol-formaldehyde moulding compositions do not have the eminent position they held until about 1950. In some, important applications they have been replaced by other materials, thermosetting and thermoplastic, whilst they have in the past two decades found use in few new outlets. However, the general increase in standards of living for much of this period has increased the sales of many products which use phenolics and consequently the overall use of phenol-formaldehyde moulding powders has been well maintained. 

Lebcos-haltung, /. standard of living, -holz, n. lignum vitae, -kraft, /. vital force vitality, -kunde, -lehre, /. biology, -luft, /. (Old Chem.) vital air (oxygen), -luftmesser, m. eudiometer. 

Commission in 1946. Atomic research and development, both for defense and peaceful use, was to he solely in the hands of the Atomic Energy Commission. Its mission was to assure the common dclensc and security, and to improve the public welfare, increasing the standard of living, strengthening tree competition, in private enterprise, and promoting world peace. ... 

Minerals are well regarded as national assets. Extensive use of mineral resources forms the physical basis of a high standard of living not only in the developed but also in the developing countries. A strong positive correlation exists, for example, between the per... 

Before going organic, the family must decide what standard of living they require from the farm and what income they are likely to require in the future. This is not to say that all the income must come from the farm often there will be supplementary income from a different source, but the likely income from the organic farm must be calculated as accurately as possible. On large farms where several workers are employed it soon becomes clear whether, for instance, the sheep enterprise is paying the wages of the shepherd. It may be less obvious if... 

There is little point in defining standard of living here, because no two families have the same outlook or requirements, but the costing must be done in advance. Even the warmest glow of organic satisfaction is unsustainable when debt is mounting annually. 

World demandfor energy will increase strongly as the standard of living and the size of presently disadvantaged populations increase over the next several decades. 

On our present course it is questionable whether economic oil and gas supplies will be available by the latter part of the century3. Although coal may be available for a century or two thereafter, it is more difficult and costly to transport throughout the world. Energy shortages may prevent the stabilization of world population at a decent standard of living. 

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