Stainless steel chamber material

The fullerenes, Cgo and C70, are produced in the laboratory by the contact arc-evaporation of 6 mm graphite rods (e.g. Johnson Matthey, spectroscopic grade) in 100 torr of helium in a water-cooled stainless steel chamber described previously [5]. The soluble material in the soot produced from the arc-evaporation is extracted with toluene using a Soxhlet apparatus. The pure fullerenes are obtained by chromatography on neutral alumina columns using hexanes as the eluant, or by the use of a simple filtration technique using charcoal-silica as the stationary phase and toluene as the eluant [5]. The fullerenes so prepared are characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy and other techniques. FT-IR spectra of vacuum deposited fullerene films on KBr crystals also provide a means of characterization, just as do Raman spectra of films deposited on a silicon crystal. Ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectra of fullerene films on... 

Vacuum chambers are typically constructed out of high-grade stainless steel. This material is used as it is cost-effective and displays ... 

Mixer material Metal/stainless steel silicon /stainless steel glass Slit-type chamber 4.30 mm 500 pm initial width 150 pm 300 pm focused width depth 2.8 mm, 24 mm focusing length 126.7° expansion width expansion length expansion angle... 

Surface characterization studies by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted using DuPont 650 and Perkin Elmer 5300 instruments. Samples were prepared by placing solid material on double stick adhesive tape, or by allowing solvent to evaporate from an acetone dispersion of a suspension placed on a stainless steel probe. A magnesium anode was used as the X-ray source (hv 1253.6 eV). The temperature of samples during the analysis was approximately 30-40°C and the vacuum in the analysis chamber was about 10 torr. Potential... 

This was developed at the Chemical Engineering Department of Valladolid University, Spain (see Fig. 9.4-8). In this type of reactor the temperature and pressure effects are isolated. This is achieved by using a cooled wall vessel, which is maintained near 400 C, and a reaction chamber where the reactants are mixed and reaction takes place. This reaction chamber is made of a special material to withstand the oxidizing effect of the reactants at a maximum temperature of 800 °C and a pressure of 25 MPa. It is enclosed in the main vessel, which is pressurized with the feed-stream before entering the reaction chamber, so that it works at about 400 °C and does not suffer from the oxidizing atmosphere. It is made of relatively thin stainless steel [15]. 

In the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) sheets or roll material, the polymerization mold is fabricated as two closed-loop stainless steel conveyer belts, which are stretched in parallel between two rollers. The belts move continuously a gasket is inserted automatically on both edges, forming a chamber into which prepolymers are continuously fed (Fig. 4.10). The polymerization zone has gas or electric heaters. 

A so-called Micro Chamber (g-CTE) (see Figure 5.2) with an interior volume of approximately 45 ml has been designed by Markes Int. (Schripp et al., 2007). The X-CTE comprises six individual stainless steel cylindrical chambers (d = 4.5 cm), located in one unit. All six chambers are supplied simultaneously with the same, controlled flow of synthetic air. By reducing the chamber volume, it was intended to reduce typical emission test times but still generate meaningful emission data-i.e. results that correlate with data from conventional emissions test chambers. The g-CTE was not intended to replace standard emission test facilities. In fact it is a complementary tool intended to produce fast information about the composition and level of VOC emissions for development of new, low-emission products/materials. Micro chamber measurements have already been shown to... 

De Bortoli, M., Knoppel, H., Colombo, A. and Kephalopoulos, S. (1996) Attempting to characterize the sink effect in a small stainless steel test chamber, in Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects (ed. B.A. Tichenor), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA USA, pp. 305-18. 

Material of chamber/cell construction Nonemitting, nonsorptive surfaces-typically polished stainless steel or glass ... 

Mixer frame material Stainless steel/ aluminum Mixing chamber length, width, height 27.4 mm, 3.25 mm, 150 pm... 

Mixer and housing material Stainless steel Mixing chamber length, initial width, height, opening angle 20 mm, 82.96 mm, 5 mm, 240°... 

Mixer material Metal (inlay) stainless steel (housing) Mixing chamber depth 150 pm... 

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