Sputum cytology

Detects cancerous cells that become disloged from the airways into the sputum. Sputum cytology is useful because it is not invasive, although it has much lower sensitivity for detecting cancer. 

Pathologic confirmation of lung cancer is established by examination of sputum cytology and/or tumor biopsy by bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, percutaneous needle biopsy, or open-lung biopsy. 

A retrospective study of 136 BCME workers employed at least 5 years revealed 5 cases of lung cancer, which represented a ninefold increase in lung cancer risks 0.54 cases would have been expected to occur in the plant population. The predominant histologic type of carcinoma was small cell undifferentiated. Exposure ranged from 7.5 to 14 years, and the mean induction period was 15 years. In addition, abnormal sputum cytology was observed in 34% of 115 current workers with exposure to BCME for 5 or more years, as contrasted with 11 % in a control group. 

Archer, V.E., C.D.Fullmer, and C.H.Castle. 1979. Sulfur dioxide exposure in a smelter III. Acute effects and sputum cytology. J. Occup. Med. 21(5) 359-364. 

Saccomanno G Saint Mary s Hospital And Medical Center, Dept of Cytopathology, Grand Junction CO Early lung cancer detection in uranium miners with abnormal sputum cytology DOE... 

Band P, Feldstein M, Saccomaimo G, et al. 1980. Potentiation of cigarette smoking and radiation Evidence from a sputum cytology survey among uranium miners and controls. Cancer 45 1273-1277. 

Rose, C University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO Sputum cytology and urinary bombesinlike peptide levels NCRR... 

Ohmatsu H, Kakinuma R, Kaneko M, et al. Successful lung cancer screening widi low-dose helical CT in addition to chest x-ray and sputum cytology The comparison of two screening periods with or widiout hehcal CT. Radiology 2000 217(Suppl) 242 (Abstract). 

Sputum culture and sensitivity Sputum cytology Strept screen... 

We have calculated the cost of AFB-LIFE bronchoscopy for early detection in the target population consisting of individuals with previously resected stage I-II lung and head and neck cancers, and those with positive sputum cytology. Twenty-one lesions have progressed to cancer so far (171 dysplastic lesions and 429 bronchoscopies). The tariff of one bronchoscopy examination in the Netherlands is 81. The endoscopic cost for early detection per cancer lesion was 1653. Treatment with electrocautery was 380 [10]. The costs for early bronchoscopic intervention per ESSCC was 2033. 

H. Miura, C. Konaka, N. Kawate, et al. (1992). Sputum cytology-positive, bronchoscop-ically negative adenocarcinoma of the lung. Chest, 192, 1328-1332. 

M. Sato, Y. Saito, K. Usuda, et al. (1998). Occult lung cancer beyond bronchoscopic visibility in sputum cytology positive patients. Lung Cancer, 20, 17-24. 

The frequency of abnormalities in sputum cytology has been utilized as a possible early indicator of radiation damage to lung tissue (Band et al. 1980 Brandom et al. 1978 Saccomanno et al. 1974). The accuracy and precision of this measurement is not known. 

Archer V, Radford E, Axelson O. 1979. Radon daughter cancer in man factors in exposure-response relationships at low levels. In Conference workshop on lung cancer epidemiology and industrial applications of sputum cytology. Golden, CO Colorado School of Mines... 

Periodic examinations are aiso to be provided to the empioyees iisted above. The periodic examinations shaii be given annuaiiy for those covered empioyees 45 years of age or iess with fewer than 10 years empioyment in areas where empioyee exposure exceeds the action ievei (5 pg/m ). Periodic examinations need not inciude sputum cytology and only an updated medical history is required. 

T. L. Petty, Sputum cytology for the detection of early lung cancer, Curr. Opin. Pidm. Med., 2003, 9, 309-312. 

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