Sprouting control

The dose required to inhibit sprouting of onions, shallots, and garlics is 0.03-0.12 kGy. For good sprout control of tubers such as potatoes and yams, somewhat higher doses, 0.08-0.14 kGy, are required. Because of decreased wound-healing ability after irradiation, doses in excess of 0.15-0.2 kGy may induce increased microbial rot in storage [24]. 

Daniels-Lake, B and Barnes, J. (2007). Current Methods and Reeent Trends In Potato Sprout Control Around the World. International potato processing and storage eonvention, October 10-12, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 

Lewis, M. D., Kleinkopf, G. E., Shetty, K. K. (1997). Dimethylnaphthalene and diisopropylnaphthalene for potato sprout control in storage 1 Application methodology and efficacy. American Potato Journal, 74, 183-197. 

Naphthalene acetic acid is used to thin apple and pear blossoms and to control apple and pear preharvest drop (10). It also is used to induce flowering in pineapple, but conversely inhibits sprouting in potatoes, sweet potatoes, and turnips (Brassica rapd) (23). It also is used to promote rooting in... 

An inverse correlation between thyroid cancer risk and phytoestrogens was recently proposed as a result of a multi-ethnic population-based case control study conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area (Hom-Ross et al., 2002). In this study, dietary habits and phytoestrogen consumption were assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire and by a nutrient database. The outcome of the study was that soy-based foods and alfalfa sprouts were associated with a reduction of thyroid cancer risk, whereas a Western diet did not influence cancer risk. No difference was observed between American and Asian women or between pre- and postmenopausal women. Furthermore, among the few compounds examined, the isoflavones genistein and daidzein and the lignan secoisolariciresinol were the phytoestrogens most frequently associated with risk reduction (Horn-Ross et al., 2002). 

It was of interest that, in spite of the recovery of serotonin uptake sites to control levels, the content of serotonin in the same brain region remained markedly (40 to 50 percent) below age-matched controls for as long as 1 year after MDMA administration. It is unclear from these data whether there is a regeneration of axons that have previously undergone degeneration or whether the increased density of uptake sites is a consequence of increased collateral sprouting of neurons unaffected by the drug treatment. 

It is also possible that axonal regeneration and collateral sprouting arc associated with considerably greater densities of uptake sites per neuron, thereby making it more difficult to assess neuronal recovery from this index. The fact that serotonin levels remain 40 to 50 percent below age-matched controls for up to 1 year in spite of normal levels of serotonin uptake sites indicates that, following lesion by MDMA, the serotonin... 

The development program must decide which existing cells sprout (or not) new cells and which existing cells die (or not). The program must also decide the functionality and connectivity of every new cell. Since growth occurs on a cell-wise basis, with no central controller, this program must be part of every cell and can only utilize local information available to a cell. 

Fig. 3.3 A. Northern blot showing the synthesis of Rubisco SSU mRNA after 24-36 h of sprouting in an airlift tank. Total RNA was isolated from sprouts germinated from 12 to 168 hours. B. On the same filter, unlabelled Rubisco RNA produced by in vitro transcription was loaded as a control. The amount of control RNA is indicated in pg.

Chloroplast protein synthesis is controlled largely at the post-transcriptional level [20,21] and can be repressed by the inclusion of antibiotics such as streptomycin in the sprouting medium. Streptomycin binds to the 16S rRNA and causes the ribosome to misread the mRNA sequence, producing incorrect and non-functional proteins [22]. 

Fig. 3.6 Human serum albumin (HSA) was produced during the sprouting of transgenic rape-seeds. A light-inducible Rubisco promoter was used to control transgene expression. The highest yield was obtained with light induction after three days of continuous darkness. Sprouting was carried out in an airlift fermentor at room temperature. The sprouting medium was water.

B.) The yield of recombinant HSA, as determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sprouts were germinated in an airlift bioreactor tank for 175 hours in the presence or absence of 20 mM KN03. Recombinant HSA was expressed under the control of the Rbc56 promoter isolated in our laboratory. 

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