Spirit of nitre

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Nitrous ether Spirit of ether nitrite Sweet spirit of nitre Chemical Formula CjHjONO. 

In 1789 Dr M. Wall of Oxford, recalling Scheele s experiments on tartar, added some "Glauber s spirit of nitre to cream of tartar dissolved in boiling water. By careful evaporation of the solution, he obtained well-formed crystals of niter (saltpeter). He concluded that cream of... 

Paris, becoming the outstanding chemist of the Paris Academy at the end of the seventeenth century. His work was focused on the behavior and composition of neutral salts, an investigation derived from the recently popular medical theory of acid/alkali. Earlier experience in the century had established the pattern of neutralization of an acid by an alkali, a pattern of mutual destruction of properties. The available acids were the vitriolic or spirit of sulphur, spirit of nitre, spirit of sea salt, and acid of vinegar. The only alkali was salt of tartar (potassium carbonate). Lime was known but possessed a separate identity, not clearly classed as either alkali or earth. 

It is known, for example, that iron and the spirit of vitriol, mixed together, make a true vitriol it is known that spirit of nitre poured on some niter fixed by charcoal, or on salt of tartar, reforms a true saltpeter but neither the analytical way nor that of recomposition oflFers us anything similar to anything approaching that for borax. 5... 

ETHYL NITRITE Nitrous Ether, Sweet Spirit of Nitre, Spirit of Ether Nitrite Flammable Liquid, I 2 4 4... 

Shaw s footnote (op. cif., p. 191) A drachm of compound spirit of nitre being poured on half a drachm of oil of carraway seeds in vacuo the mixture immediately made a flash like gun-powder, and burst the exhausted receiver, which was a glass six inches wide, and eight inches deep. 7 Quoted by N. D. Cheronis, article entitled Chemical Warfare in the Middle Ages. Kallinikos s Prepared Fire, . /. Chem. Education, 14, 360 (1937). 

Not all of the products issuing from the Confederate labs were botanical or galenical preparations. The surgeon general, for example, announced in July 1863 that J. Julian Chisolm had commenced the manufacture of blue mass, mercurial ointment, and sweet spirit of nitre at his laboratory in Columbia, South Carolina, and ordered purveyor Blackie to make no more purchases of these articles but rather to requisition them directly from Chiso1m.94... 

Most of the larger laboratories produced a mix of chemical and botanical products. But the smooth operations of both were often problematic. In order to manufacture the former, the requisite materials had to be on hand to make botanical tinctures and extracts, the necessary processing equipment and personnel had to be in place in order to keep pace with processing the raw materials. William H. Anderson told Blackie that he could manufacture spirits of nitre but needed nitric acid and that he could make aque ammonium but lacked the muriate of ammonium from which it was derived.95 But, for Anderson, botanical supplies were plentiful. His list to purveyor Blackie of available articles included only one nonherbal product and shows both the interrelatedness of various substances in the manufacturing process as well as the degree of commitment and pride the purveyors could have for their products ... 

A chemical name should not be a phrase. In the early days of chemistry prior to the general acceptance of atomic and subsequent theories, many substances were characterized by clumsy and inconvenient expressions derived from various associations. Examples of these would include "oil of vitriol, "butter of antimony, "cream of tartar, "flowers of zinc, "liver of sulfur, "milk of lime, "sugar of lead, "spirits of nitre, etc. Very possibly de Morveau anticipated the probability that the substances designated by such names would occasionally, by careless classification, become indexed under "oil "butter, "cream, "flowers, "liver, "milk, and "sugar, and thus be withdrawn from the chemist to the kitchen. Despite his warning, however, chemical names were frequently rendered as phrases for the next one hundred years and such forms as "acetate of sodium, "peroxide of hydrogen, and "permanganate of potash have only recently disappeared from texts and books of reference. 

Sweet spirits of nitre 4% ethyl nitrite in 70% ethanol used as a diuretic. Overdose produces methaemoglobinemia, hypotension and narcosis. 

Sweet Spirit of Nitre. This is an alcoholic solution of mtrous ether. The mixture should have, according to the U. S, Pharmacopoeia, a specific gravity of. 57. It becomes acid by age. 

Frank s Specific Solution of Copaiba. Boil 2 parts balsam of copaiba, 3 parts liquor of potassa, and 7 parts water together for 2 or 3 minutes put tho mixture mto a separator, and let it stand for 5 or 6 (lays then draw it ofl from tho bottom, avoiding tho upper stratum of oil, and add to tho clear liquid I part sweet spirits of nitre, perfectly free from acid should it turn tnilkv, a very littlo liquor of potassa will usually brighten it but if it does not, place it in a clean separator, and let it stancl, closely covered. for a few days, then draw it off from the bottom as before, and it will be perfectly transparent. 

Fever Mixture. Mix 2 scruples nitrate of potash with 3 drachms sweet spirits of nitre, 3 ounces solution of acetate ot ammonia, 44 ounces camphor water, aud 2 drachms Icmou syrnp. Dose for an adult,... 

Diuretic Drops. Tincture of kin[Pg.306]

CbApman a Copaiba Mixture. Make a mixture of i ounce copaiba, i fluid onnee sweet spirits of nitre, 2 dxacbms powdered acacia, 1 drachm sugar, 4 fluid ounosa distilled water, 2 fluitl drachms compound spirit of lavender, and 1 fluid drachm tincture of opium. D( sc, a table-spoonful 3 times a day. A specific remedy for gonorrhoea. 

Ayer s Cherry Pectoral. Tho following receipt is said to bo somewhat near to, ifnotcxactly identical with tho receipt after which this well known article is compounded Take of syrup of wild cherry, 6 drachms syrup of squills, 3 drachms tincture of blood-root. 2 drachms sweet spirits of nitre, 2 drachms antimonial wine, 3 drachms wino of ipecacuanha, 3 drachms simple syrup, 14 ounces acetate of morphine, 2 grains. Mix, and add oil of bitter almonds,... 

Htifeland s Diuretic Drops. Take i fluul drachm oil of juniper, and 3 fluid drachms each sweet spirits of nitre and tincturo of tUgitalis. Dose, 30 drops every 3 hours. 

Storm s Speci c. Take 2 ounces street spirits of nitre, 1-i drachms oil of cu-bebs, 2 ounces balsam of copaiba, 1 drocbci oil of turpentine, 20 drops oil of cinnamon, 3 ounces mucilage of gum-arabic, ami su i-cient tincture of cochineal to color. This preparation is preferred by many to the capsules. 

Hope s Cough ]l xture. 2 ounces ammonia mixture 5 ounces camphor mixture 1 drachm tincture of digitalis (foxglove) i ounce each sweet spirits of nitre and syrup of poppies 2 drachms soludon of sulphate of morphia. A table-spoonful of this mixture is to be taken 4 times a day. 

Spackman a Copaiba Mixture. Mix together 2 drachms syrup of gum-arabic i ounce balsam of copaiba 24 drops oil of cubebs 1 ounce syrup of balsam of tolu ouucc each sweet spirits of nitre and compound tincture of opium 20 drops tincture of opium 3 drops oil of laveneW, and 3 drachms compound spirits of lavender. Dose, a table-spoonful 3 limes a day. 

B. Sulphate of copper, one ounce sweet spirits of nitre one ounce water, one pint. Mix. In a few days it will be ready for use. 

Alcohol, one and a half ounce tincture of steel, one and a half ounce corrosive sublimate, one and a half ounce sweet spirits of nitre, ono and a half ounce blue vitriol, one ounce nitric acid, three-quarters of an ounce. Mix and dissolve in one quart of warm water. Keep in glass bottles. 

Nitric acid, one half ounce sweet spirits of nitre, one-half ounce alcohol, one ounce blue vitriol, two ounces tincture of iron, one ounce soft water, one quart. 

Apply the following fluid by means of a clean white cloth Spirits of nitre, one pound alcohol, one pound corrosive sublimate, one ounce. Mix in a bottle and keep corked (or use. Apply one coat and set in a warm, dark place, until a red rust is formed over the wl le suHace, which will require, in warm weather, from tea to twelve hours in cold, from fifteen to twenty hours. Then card it down with a gun-makcr s card, and rub off with a dean doth. Bepeat the process until the color suits, as each coat gives a darker shade. 

Browning Becipes /or Tufist and Laminated Barreie. i, Sweet spirit of nitre, one balf ounce tincture of steel, one-quarter ounce corrosive soldi mate, f>ne-haJf ounce aqua foi tis, sixty drops nitiate of silver, four grains a small lump of cb and one pint of rain water. 

Sweet spirits of nitre, one ounce tincture of steel, one-half ounce blue vitriol, one-quarter ounce nitric acid, six drops corroeive sublimate, fourteen grains water, one pint. When the barrels are dark enough, drop a few drops of muriatic acid in water and wash the barrel slightly to brighten the twists. 

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