SPECT imaging

A list of radionuchdes commonly used for SPECT imaging is presented in Table 3.1. Technetium-99m ( Tc) and thaUium-201 ( T1) are generator produced, whereas galhum-67 ( Ga), indium-111 ( ln), and iodine-123 ( 1) are cyclotron produced (8). is a monovalent cationic metal that is used for cardiac imaging as a chloride salt. Ga is used in the form of Ga-citrate for imaging tumors and sites of inflammation. Both of these are commercially available for clinical use. In is used for imaging many different biological processes 

Similar to SPECT imaging, the PET images must be reconstructed after acquisition of the data using a variety of algorithms. In addition, photon 

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SPECT images obtained from dogs that were administered BMS-181321 just prior to a 10 minute occlusion of a small branch of the LAD clearly showed retention of activity in the hypoxic region 100 to 200 minutes post-injection... 

Although liver uptake of this compound is relatively high, the ischemic regions of the heart were visualized. SPECT images obtained from cats that were administered BMS-181321 one hour after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) showed selective brain retention in the ischemic territory of the MCA... 

Cosgrove, K.P., Frohlich, E.B., Krantzler, E. et al. SPECT imaging of beta 2 nicotine acetylcholine receptors in tobacco smokers during acute and prolonged withdrawal. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting for the Society of Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2006. 

Malison R. SPECT imaging of DA transporters in cocaine dependence with [123I]B-CIT. Natl. Inst. Drug Abuse Res. Monogr. 152, 1995. 

Merkel OM, Librizzi D, Pfestroff A, Schurrat T, Buyens K, Sanders NN, De Smedt SC, Behe M, Kissel T (2009) Stability of siRNA polyplexes from poly(ethylenimine) and poly (ethylenimine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) under in vivo conditions effects on pharmacokinetics and biodistribution measured by Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging. J Control Release 138 148-159... 

A. SPECT Imaging Reagents Suitable for the Fluorescence Imaging of Living Cells... 

This methodology provides resolution of approximately 1 mm. Thus, not only in vitro but in vivo data from genetic knockouts and other animal models can be obtained with PET and more recently SPECT imaging [65]. 

PET and SPECT imaging are used to study Parkinson s and Alzheimer s diseases. 

Mathematical modeling of radiotracers of the radiotracer uptake to obtain the biological parameters of interest (receptor density, affinity, glucose metabolism, etc.) plays an extremely important role in PET and SPECT imaging, much more so than in many other areas of imaging. 

Meltzer, P. C.,Blundell, P., Jones,A. G. etal. A technetium-99m SPECT imaging agent which targets the dopamine transporter in primate brain. J. Med. Chem. 40 1835-1844, 1997. 

Varrone, A., Marek, K. L., Jennings, D. et al. 123I 5-CIT SPECT imaging demonstrates reduced density of striatal dopamine transporters in Parkinson s disease and multiple system atrophy. Mov. Disord. 16 1023-1032, 2001. 

Marek, K., Innis, R., van Dyck, C. et al. 123I-P-CIT SPECT imaging assessment of the rate of Parkinson s disease progression. Neurology 57 2089-2094, 2001. 

Marek, K. L., Seibyl, J. P Zoghbi, S. S. et al. 123I-P-CIT/ SPECT imaging demonstrates bilateral loss of dopamine transporters in hemi-Parkinson s disease. Neurology 46 231-237, 1996. 

A SPECT imaging study of mescaline showed a hyperfrontal pattern in cerebral blood flow, with greater increases on the right side (Hermie et al. 1992). Increases are also seen in inferior temporal cortex and the hippocampus. Decreases in cerebral blood flow occur in occipital and parietal cortical regions. 

Sharafi, M. (2005) Comparison of classical and clozapine treatment on schizophrenia using positive and negative syndrome scale of schizophrenia (PANSS) and SPECT imaging. IrU. J. Med. Sci. 2,79-86. 

Non-contracting viable myocardium traps potassium analogues in the myocyte potassium space, such as Thallium ( ° T1) for SPECT imaging and Rb for PET imaging, reflecting sufficient cell membrane... 

Heo J, Wolmer I, Kegel J, Iskandrian AS. Sequential dual-isotope SPECT imaging with thalhum-201 and tech-netium-99m-sestamibi. J Nucl Med 1994 35 549-553... 

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