Specific target organ systemic toxicity - Single exposure

SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN SYSTEMIC TOXICITY SINGLE EXPOSURE 

1 The purpose of this chapter is to provide a means of classifying substances that produce specific, non lethal target organ/systemic toxicity arising from a single exposure. All significant health effects that can impair function, both reversible and irreversible, immediate and/or delayed and not specifically addressed in chapters 3.1 to 3.7 and 3.10 are included (see also para. 3.8.1.6). 

2 Classification identifies the chemical substance as being a specific target organ/systemic toxicant and, as such, it may present a potential for adverse health effects in people who are exposed to it. 

5 Specific target organ/systemic toxicity can occur by any route that is relevant for humans, i.e. principally oral, dermal or inhalation. 

6 Specific target organ/systemic toxicity following a repeated exposure is classified in the GHS as described in Specific target organ systemic toxicity - Repeated exposure (Chapter 3.9) and is therefore excluded from the present chapter. Other specific toxic effects, listed below are assessed separately in the GHS and consequently are not included here  

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Specific target organ systemic toxicity (single exposure) > 1.0%... 

SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN SYSTEMIC TOXICITY (SINGLE EXPOSURE) ... 

The information required to evaluate specific target organ/systemic toxicity comes either fi om single exposure in humans, e.g. exposure at home, in the workplace or environmentally, or from studies conducted in experimental animals. The standard animal studies in rats or mice that provide this information are acute toxicity studies which can include clinical observations and detailed macroscopic and microscopic examination to enable the toxic effects on target tissues/organs to be identified. Results of acute toxicity studies conducted in other species may also provide relevant information. 

Table 3.8.3 Label elements for specific target organ systemic toxicity after single exposure...

A2.25 Specific target organ systemic toxicity following single exposure (See Chapter 3.8 for details)... 

OECD has published a document on a Harmonised integrated classification system for human health and environmental hazards of chemical substances and mixtures (OECD 2001b). Chapter 2.1 addresses a harmonized system for the classification of chemicals which cause acute toxicity, and Chapter 2.8 addresses the chemicals which cause specific target organ oriented systemic toxicity following a single exposure. 

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