Specific Design Considerations

Theodore has summarized six specific design considerations that the practicing engineer should be aware of. These are detailed below and includes information on catalytic reactors to be discussed in Part IV. 

Once a decision has been made on a heat exchange for this particular reaction try not to go below 1 inch or l inch tubes for catalytic or non-catalytic reactor systems. 

One can control heat transfer primarily through a heating medium. Then apply the general heat transfer equation.  

The engineer must also decide on the number and the diameter of tubes. Care should be exercised here because of  

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When acetylene is recovered, absorption—desorption towers are used. In the first tower, acetylene is absorbed in acetone, dimethylformarnide, or methylpyroUidinone (66,67). In the second tower, absorbed ethylene and ethane are rejected. In the third tower, acetylene is desorbed. Since acetylene decomposition can result at certain conditions of temperature, pressure, and composition, for safety reasons, the design of this unit is critical. The handling of pure acetylene streams requires specific design considerations such as the use of flame arrestors. 

Specific design considerations for a few substances including acrylic acid, styrene, organic peroxides, ethylene oxide, and 1,3-butadiene are given in CCPS (1995) on the basis of an industiy-practice survey. Detailed information for other substances is distributed by industry... 

Guidelines for Safe Storage and Handling of Reactive Materials (CCPS, 1995) provides essential information to assist in materials assessment and analysis as well as general and specific design considerations for storage and handling of reactive materials and the appropriate fire protection. 

This section will address specific design considerations from the subset of... 

The basic biopotential amplifier described above, along with the specific design considerations for each biopotential, can yield a signal acquisition of acceptable quality in most laboratory settings. In practice, however, further enhancements are always necessary to achieve acceptable clinical performance in novel applications. These enhancements include circuits for reducing electric interference, filtering noise, reduction of artifacts, electrical isolation of the amplifier, and electrical protection of the circuit against defibrillation shocks [9]. 

This section reviews the general considerations for the design of roller, silent, engineering steel, and flat-top chains. The considerations differ as the functions of each type of chain differ. The specific design considerations for each class of chain will be covaed later. 

Autonomous is typically defined as the quality or state of being self-governing undertaken or carried on without outside control existing or capable of existing independently. In systems theory, autonomous refers to the autonomous operation of a system or subsystem, where the system is operating itself without human interaction. This characteristic requires specific design considerations and methods to correctly build-in the capability for automatic operation, considering factors such as the ability to sense, perceive, analyze, communicate, and make decisions. 

Dredging and reclamation works in cold regions require specific design considerations. Information on air temperature will give insight into the duration and intensity of frost periods. General information can be derived from the literature and other general sources. 

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