Hormones in vitro

Table 2 Some environmental ehemieals with the ability to mimie hormones in vitro and in...

Miyake A, Tasaka K, Sakumoto T, Kawamura Y, Nagahara Y, Aono T (1983) Clomiphene citrate induces luteinizing hormone release through hypothalamic hormone-releasing hormone in vitro. Acta Endocrinol 103 289-292... 

Jprgensen L, Bechgaard E (1994) Intranasal permeation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in vitro study of permeation and enzymatic degradation. Int J Pharm 107 231-237. 

Morgan, D. B., Monod, A., Russell, R. G. G., Fleisch, H. Influence of dichlormethylene diphosphonate (C12MDP) and calcitonin on bone resorption, lactate production and phosphate and pyrophosphatase content of mouse calvaria treated with parathyroid hormone in vitro. Calc. Tiss. Res. 13, 287 (1973)... 

With the availability of labeled hormones of high specific activity and the application of the principles of affinity chromatography, researchers were able to isolate cellular proteins that bind to plant hormones in vitro. Such proteins have been referred to as receptor proteins, binding proteins, or acceptor proteins. Tacit in the concept of hormone receptor proteins is the stereo-specific interaction of the hormone and the receptor protein (19). The resulting hormone-protein complex participates in growth processes that depend on new or enhanced protein synthesis. Advances in molecular biology and related sciences have enabled many researchers to study the role of receptors in the control of nuclear functions or other activities and to determine the site of primary hormonal action. 

Size exclusion HPLC (e.g., human growth hormone) In-Vitro Bioassays... 

Brazeau P, Ling N, Bohlen P, Esch F, Ying SY, Guillemin R (1982) Growth hormone releasing factor, somatocrinin, releases pituitary growth hormone in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79 7909-7013... 

Leitner, V. M., Guggi, D., Krauland A. H., and Bernkop-Schnurch, A. (2004), Nasal delivery of human growth hormone In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a thiomer/gluta-thione microparticulate delivery system, / Controlled. Release, 100,87-95. 

Glutamate dehydrogenase is an allosteric protein modulated positively by ADP, GDP, and some amino acids and negatively by ATP, GTP, and NADH. Its activity is affected by thyroxine and some steroid hormones in vitro. Glutamate dehydrogenase is the only amino acid dehydrogenase present in most cells. It participates with appropriate transaminases (aminotransferases) in the deamination of other amino acids. 

Scott, C. D., Martin, J. L., and Baxter, R. C., Rat hepatocyte insulin-like growth factor-I and binding protein Effect of growth hormone in vitro and in vivo. Endocrinology (Baltimore) 116, 1102-1107 (1985). 

Because of the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration and energy production, efforts to elucidate the mechanism of thyroid hormone action in metabolism and calorigenesis have focused on mitochondrial studies. Thyroid hormones in vitro are known to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria, but these effects occur at unphysiological doses of T4. In physiological concentrations, T4 increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation and the number and inner membrane surface area of mitochondria (21), but T4 does not reduce the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, 2,4-dinitrophenol, a classic uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, can neither relieve hypothyroidism nor duplicate other physiological effects of thyroid hormones. 

K. B. O Hare, R. Dimcan, J. Strohalm, K. Ulbrich and P. Kopeckova, Polymeric drug-carriers containing doxorubicin and melanocyte-stimulating hormone in vitro and in vivo evaluation against murine melanoma, /. Drug Targeting, 1, 217-229 (1993). 

Endocrine organ Hormone In vitro work done In vitro response similar to in vivo In vitro hormone action... 

This finding emphasizes the importance of standardizing the physiological salt solutions for the study of these hormones in vitro. 

Momany, F.A., Bowers, C.Y, Reynolds, G.A., et al. (1981) Design, synthesis, and biological activity of peptides which release growth hormone in vitro. Endocrinology, 108,31-39. 

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