Source credits

Evaluation of the effects of overpressure attributable to the loss of a particular utility supply must include the chain of developments that could occur and the reaction time involved. In situations where fluid flow stops due to failure of its utility supply, but is in parallel with equipment having a different energy source, credit may be taken for the unaffected and functioning equipment to the extent that operation is maintained and the operating equipment will not trip out due to overloading. 

It was not until 1844 that Karl Karlovich Klaus (1796—1864), a well-known Russian (Estonian) scientist of the day, separated enough ruthenium from platinum to be able to correctly identify its properties. He is the person most sources credit as the discoverer of... 

This publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested but not required. 

Fig. 9.1 Lead exposure sources. Credit Permission granted to reproduce this figure by the World Health Organization (WHO) from Childhood Lead Poisoning (ISBN 978 92 4 150033 3), Fig. 1, pg. 19, Copyright 2010, http //www.who.int/ceh/publications/childhoodpoisomng/en/. Accessed 16 April 2013...

Absorption spectroscopy records depletion by the sample of radiant energy from a continuous or frequency-tunable source, at resonance frequencies that are characteristic of various energy levels ia atoms or molecules. The basic law of absorption, credited to Bouguer-Lambert-Beer, states that ia terms of the iacident, Jq, and transmitted, light iatensities, the absorbance, M (or transmittance, T), is given by equation 1 ... 

Initial steroid research involved isolation of sterols and bile acids from natural sources. DeFourcroy is generally credited with the discovery of cholesterol [57-88-5] (2) in 1789 (3). In 1848, choHc acid [81-25-4] (3) was isolated from the saponification of ox bile and its elementary composition deterrnined as... 

Besides the use of photochromic systems in light filters, their color development has also received considerable attention. For example, the introduction of photochromic components into product labels, tickets, credit cards, etc adds a mechanism for verification of authenticity (41,42). The active components are invisible until activated with an ultraviolet light source, after which they are easily detected. 

Accounts payable, also called trade credit, are the major source of short-term financing. Accounts payable normally amount to about 40 percent of the current liabihties of a manufacturing company. Such short-term financing is relatively expensive when available discounts are lost. 

When owners wish to build a new source which will add a specific amount of a specific pollutant to an area that is innonattainment with respect to that pollutant, they must, under U.S. federal regulations, document a reduction of at least that amount of the pollutant from another source in the area. They can effect this reduction, or "offset," as it is called, in another plant they own in the area or can shut down that plant. However, if they do not own another such plant or do not wish to shut down or effect such reduction in a plant they own, they can seek the required reduction or offset from another owner. Thus, such offsets are marketable credits that can be bought, sold, traded, or stockpiled ("banked") as long as the state or local regulatory agency legitimizes, records, and certificates these transactions. The new source will still have to meet NSPS, BACT or MACT, and/or LAER standards, whichever are applicable. 

Installation of control systems may have a positive economic benefit which will offset a portion of their cost (2). Such benefits include (1) tax deduction provisions, (2) recovery of materials previously emitted, (3) depreciation schedules favoring the owner of the source, and (4) banking or sale of the emission offset credits if the source is in a nonattainment area. 

Emission reduction credits can also be used to offset emissions increases under New Source Review, Prevention of Significant Deterioration, and Base Realignment and Closure. 

When analyzing such individual control valve failures, one should consider the action of other control valves in the system. In the first two cases above, credit may be taken, where applicable for the reduction in pressure of a high-pressure source due to net inventory depletion during the period that the downstream equipment pressure is rising to relieving pressure. However, the pressure relieving facilities must be sized to handle the calculated peak flow conditions. 

The Tax Code contains various provisions that may affect the demand for energy from specific sources. In the transportation area, purchasers of electric vehicles may claim a credit against their income tax liability for a portion of the purchase price. Taxpayers who pur-... 

Subsidies represent an often hidden financial benefit that is given to particular energy sources by government institutions in the form of tax credits, research and development (R rD) funding, limits on liability for certain kinds of accidents, military spending to protect Middle East oil supply lines, below-market leasing fees for use of public lands, and other... 

Explicit permission from Academic Press is not required to reproduce a maximum of two figures or tables from an Academic Press chapter in another scientific or research publication provided that the material has not been credited to another source and that full credit to the Academic Press chapter is given. 

Julius Arthur Nieuwland. Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. 7, pp. 336-337. Chicago Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 1979. Source for his discovery of poison gas and getting credit for neoprene. 

John K. Smith and David A. Hounshell. Wallace H. Carothers and Fundamental Research at DuPont. Science. 229 (Aug. 2, 1985) 436-442. Source for Neoprene research abundant in quantity Hill discovers fibers and cold drawing problems with polyester ring compounds it is expected to pay. .. and credit to Bolton for shrewd nudge. 

Source Depreciation, Investment Credit, Amortization, Depletion, Internal Revenue Service Publica-... 

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