Solvent anilines

Because of the lack of solubility in the usual solvents, aniline-formaldehyde laminates are made by a pre-mix method. In this process the aniline hydrochloride-formaldehyde product is run into a bath of paper pulp rather than of caustic soda. Soda is then added to precipitate the resin on to the paper fibres. The pulp is then passed through a paper-making machine to give a paper with a 50% resin content. 

C6H5NH3+ + CH3COOH CH3COOH2+ + C6H5NH2 solute solvent aniline... 

Complex Solvent Aniline (mmol) mol aniline/mol complex per day... 

Solvent Aniline, DMF, various nitriles medium- [78, 79] pressure Hg-lamp photochemical synthesis of Ru(Por)L2... 

Thermolysis of C6H5N3 in (CH3)3CD produced aniline containing only 7% N—D, in spite of the fact that the tertiary position of isobutane is the most readily attacked one. Intermolecular insertion of arylnitrene in C—H bonds has been reported recently 63> in the thermolysis of phenylazide in alkane in yields up to 10%, along with aniline as the major product. Hall and co-workers 66> have shown that thermolysis of CeHs—N3 in optical active 2-phenylbutane led to 2-anilino-2-phenylbutane with 40% retention of optical activity they obtained further information on the nature of the insertion and hydrogen abstraction process from the thermolysis of ArN3 in mixed solvents. Aniline and N-cyclohexylaniline (ratio... 

An ultrafast intermolecular electron transfer (ET) from electron donating solvent to an excited dye molecule was found. A temperature-dependent non-exponential time dependence was observed in aniline, and a temperature-independent single exponential process for Nile blue (160 fs) and oxazine 1 (260 fs) was observed in N,N-Smethylaniline. The solvation times of solvent anilines were obtained by dynamic Stokes shift measurements. The rate of ET in some systems was observed to be much greater than the solvation time of anilines. The dynamic behavior was simulated by the 2-dimen ional potential energy surface for reaction, taking into account of the effects of both solvent reorientation and nuclear motion of reactants. 

System aniline-n-heptane-MCH at 25 C (o) ZF diagram, a, solute, MCH. Ti-heptwMa solvent, aniline (6) BipiiiibfiUfflij raffinate and extrac on... 

EQUILIBRIA AND PHASE COMPOSITIONS. The equilibrium relationships in liquid extraction are generally more complicated than for other separations, because there are three or more components present, and some of each component is present in each phase. The equilibrium data are often presented on a triangular diagram, such as those shown in Figs. 20.10 and 20.11. The system acetone-water-methyl isobutyl ketone (MIK), Fig. 20.10, is an example of a type I system, which shows partial miscibility of the solvent (MIK) and the diluent (water) but complete miscibility of the solvent and the component to be extracted (acetone). Aniline-7i-heptane-methylcyclohexane (MCH) form a type II system (Fig, 20.11), where the solvent (aniline) is only partially miscible with both the other components. 

System aniline-/ -heptane-MCH at 25°C a, solute, MCH b, diluent, n-heptane s, solvent, aniline. After Varteressian and Fenske. )... 

Pale yellow liquid. Slight characteristic phenolic odor. Comparatively high viscosity. Hydroxyl no. 253. dj 0.950. bp 293-29T. nff 1.513. Flash pt (open cup) 300PF. Practically insol in water or dil aq NaOH. Sol in benzene, chlorinated solvents, aniline, heptane, aliphatic alcohols, ethylene glycol. 

In the absence of a solvent, aniline was photo-oxidized, and the rate of oxidation was not altered by the presence of zinc oxide or sulfide. The same was true when hydroquinone or PPD was dissolved in aniline. 

The separation of n-heptane-methylcyclohexane, with aniline as auxiliary solvent, has already been cited as an example of the treatment (A narrow-boiling mix-ture. The system inethylcyclohexane-toluene has an equilibrium curve which approaches the diagonal verj closely, so that the relative volatility becomes verj-nearly equal to unity at high concentrations of inethylcyclohcxane. An excessively large number of stages would be needed to obtain methylcyclohexane in a pure state, but by the addition of 55 niol% of the polar solvent aniline the relative volatility is increased and the separation is consequently verv greatly facilitated. Extractive... 

Good solvent aniline, benzyl alcohol, bromobenzene, y-butyrolactone, chlorophenols, diphenyl ether, DMF, formamide, phenol (all at elevated temperatures) ... 

For a Type 2 system, as shown in Figure 4.1.8(a), the area in the triangle in between the two curves represents the two-phase region. Any feed mixture F of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane when mixed with the solvent aniline will produce a mixture of overall composition M. If we now follow the notation of Figure 4.1.7(a) and the corresponding steps, we will end up with two fractions, Fg and F of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane, free of the solvent. 

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