Solidification/stabilization processes

Solidification/Stabilization Processes (Post Treatment Options)... 

Solidification/Stabilization technologies are techniques designed to be used as final waste treatment. A major role of these processes is posttreatment of residuals produced by other processes such as incineration or chemical treatment. In some cases, solidification/ stabilization processes can serve as the principal treatment of hazardous wastes for which other detoxification techniques are not appropriate. High volume, low toxicity wastes (such as contaminated soils) are an example of this application. 

As a first step in the selection process, the applicability of the various solidification/ stabilization processes for specific contaminants can be determined using Table 12. Since these waste treatment systems vary widely in their applicability, cost, and pretreatment requirements, many are limited as to the types of waste that can be economically processed. Waste characteristics such as organic content, inorganic content, viscosity and... 

Solidification/stabilization processes are not "off-the-sbelf technologies, thus, it is not unusual for modifications to the additives required for a specific waste. For this reason, some pilot testing of the solidification reagents may be required to develop the ultimate characteristics desired in the final product. 

L.W. Jones, "Interference Mechanism in Waste Solidification/ Stabilization Processes, EPA-600/S-89/067 (NTIS No. PB90-156209/AS), USEPA, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Cincinati, OH, 1989. 

T0372 Hi-Point Industries, Ltd., Oclansorb T0403 IM-TECH, Solidification/Stabilization Process T0404 In Situ Grouting—General... 

The SSM/TEVE system is best suited for removing VOCs, and has been shown to reduce the average soil concentration of VOCs by 90%. The shallow soil mixing technology is also used to mix various solidification/stabilization slurries into the soil for the treatment of inorganic contaminants (including radionuclides). (Refer to the Geo-Con in situ solidification/stabilization process). 

IM-TECH s solidification/stabilization process was evaluated in the Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) demonstration program in 1987. The current status and commercial availability of the technology is unknown. 

Chemical stabilization is the alteration of the chemical form of the contaminants to make them resistant to aqueous leaching. Solidification/Stabilization processes are formulated to minimize the solubility of metals by controlling pH and alkalinity. Entrapment or microencapsulation may immobilize anions, which are more difficult to bind in insoluble compounds. Chemical stabilization of organic compounds maybe possible, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood [22]. 

Solidification/stabilization processes play a more important role since, in the near future, only inert or stabilized wastes should be landfilled. Solidification/stabilization process means binding the hazardous material in the hydraulic binders for safe landfilling or use in civil engineering purposes. Various types of cement, inorganic binders and pozzolanas (e.g., coal burning fly ash, lime, blast-furnace slag and similar materials) are mostly used as the... 

Often, the immobilized product has a structural strength sufficient to prevent fracturing over time. Solidification accomplishes the objective by changing a non-solid waste material into a solid, monolithic structure that ideally will not permit liquids to percolate into or leach materials out of the mass. Stabilization, on the other hand, binds the hazardous constituents into an insoluble matrix or changes the hazardous constituent to an insoluble form. Other objectives of solidification/stabilization processes are to improve handling of the waste and prepuce a stable solid (no free liquid) for subsequent use as a construction material or for landfilling. 

Applications Analysis Report SITE Program Demonstration Test Solidtech, Inc., Solidification/Stabilization Process, Morganville,... 

Technology Evaluation Report SITE Program Demonstration Test, Soliditech, Inc. Solidification/Stabilization Process Volume 1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1989, EPA/540/5-89/005a. 

Tab. 10.2 Solidification/stabilization processes and agents for metal-rich wastes (after Anonymous 1990)...

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