Solid oxide fuel cells schematic

Figure 5.9 Solid oxide fuel cells schematic (a) oxygen ion conducting electrolyte (b) proton conducting electrolyte, both with gas as fuel...

One leading prototype of a high-temperature fuel cell is the solid oxide fuel cell, or SOFC. The basic principle of the SOFC, like the PEM, is to use an electrolyte layer with high ionic conductivity but very small electronic conductivity. Figure B shows a schematic illustration of a SOFC fuel cell using carbon monoxide as fuel. 

Sealless Tubular Configuration The most developed solid oxide fuel cell is the Siemens Westinghouse tubular cell. This approach results in eliminating seal problems between adjacent cells. A schematic representation of the cross section of the present Siemens Westinghouse... 

Figure 1. Schematic showing the roles of anode, cathode, and electrolyte in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).

Fig. 2.7 Schematic of a single solid oxide fuel cell.

One-dimensional models of a solid oxide fuel cell (see Chapter 9) and a methane-steam reformer [19, 20] were incorporated into the ProTRAX programming environment for transient studies. Lumped parameter ProTRAX sub-models were used for the remaining system components (heat exchangers, turbomachinery, valves, etc ). A schematic of the model is provided for reference in Figure 8.21. 

The working principles behind a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are schematically illustrated in Figure 8.7, where, similar to the other fuel cell types, the three key parts of an SOFC, a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte, are shown. The electrolyte is, in a majority of cases, an oxygen-anion ceramic conductor, which is, as well, an electronic insulator [5]. In the SOFC the fuel can be methane (CH4). Subsequently, in this case the oxidation reaction in the anode is given by... 

Figure 25 Schematic diagram showing the operating principles of a SOFC running on natural gas (R. Mark Ormerod Solid oxide fuel cells Chemical Society Reviews 32 17-28 (2003). Reprinted with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)...

One of the more important fuel cells is the solid oxide fuel cell Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), since they offer a realistic opportunity for use in electric utility operations. A schematic of a fuel cell is shown in Figure 38. These can be developed in stacks having 5-10 kW capacity that would be suitable for both stationary and mobile power units. 

Figure 38 Schematic of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell...

Figure 8.7 Schematic diagrams showing two electrocatalytic membrane reactor configurations (a) eicctrochemicai oxygen pumping and (b) solid oxide fuel cell operation.

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the solid oxide fuel cell...

Fig. 5 Schematic cross section of the simplified planar anode-electrode-cathode structure of two typical fuel cells a polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel ceU and b solid oxide fuel cell. See Color Plates...

Figure 14.20 Model solid oxide fuel cell studied using APXPS. (a) Schematic of the cell design. Solid oxide cells have a 200 nm Pt counter electrode, a 300 nm Au current collector on top of a 30 nm alumina film (black) and a 50, 100, or 250 nm ceria working electrode patterned onto a polycrystalline YSZ substrate. This geometry exposes all cell components to the X-ray beam. The drawing is not to scale, (b) During operation, the...

There are, however, a number of important systems where this situation does not hold, for example ceramic-metal composites, and ceramic composites of electronic and ionic conductors, used as electrodes in sohd oxide fuel cells. Composite electrodes are important in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), as they provide the contact area necessary for the electrode processes to occur. This is usually visualized as the three-phase boundary (TPB), the boundary line where electronic conductor, ionic conductor, and pores meet. A composite cathode is shown schematically in Figure 4.1.14, after Costamagna et al. [1998]. The processes occurring in a composite electrode are briefly as follows ... 

Carbonate Fuel Cell), and SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell). An exception to this classification is the DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell) which is a fuel cell in which methanol is directly fed to the anode. The electrolyte of this cell is not determining for the class. Table 1.1 compares the different types of fuel cell systems [2, 5-8]. A schematic representation of a fuel cell with reactant and product, and ions flow directions for these types of fuel cells are shown in Figure 1.2 [6]. 

Oxygen Anion Transport in Solid Oxides, Fig. 1 Schematic of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) operation with a hydrocarbon fuel. Note that the reaction stoichiometry is unbalanced in this general example [8]... 

As discussed in this entry, a number of novel materials and composites have been proposed as potential anodes for direct hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cells. While many are promising, a commercially viable solution has not yet been found. The discusskm in this entry is deliberately framed arotmd the cxmcepts of ionic and electronic conductivity, electrocatalysis, and stability. It is essential for future researchers to address all of these topics when discussing new materials. The schematic in Fig. 3.4 represents both the complexity of the problem and the simpUcity that could potentially be achieved if a material meeting all of these requirements can be found. 

Figure 2.10 Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) - schematic Source. United States Department of Energy...

Figure 2.1 Schematic representation of two solid oxide fuel cell designs (a) planar ...

Fig. 17 Schematic representation of the integrated planar solid oxide fuel cells (IP-SOFC) design.

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