Soils humic acids

Thorn K A, KR Kennedy (2002) N NMR investigation of the covalent binding of reduced TNT amines to soil humic acid, model compounds, and lignocellulose. Environ Sci Technol 36 3787-3796. 

Davies G., Ghabbour E.A., Cherkasskiy A. Tight metal binding by solid phase peat and soil humic acids. In Humic Substances and Chemical Contaminants, C.E. Clapp, M.H.B. Hayes, N. Senesi, P.R. Bloom, and P.M. Jardine, eds. Madison, WI Soil Science Society of America, Inc., 2001. 

Kang S, Xing B (2005) Phenanthrene sorption to sequentially extracted soil humic acids and humins. Environ Sci Technol 39 130-140... 

Khalaf M, Kohl S, Klumpp E, Rice J, Tombacz E (2003) Comparison of sorption domains in molecular weight fractions of a soil humic acid using solid-state F-19 NMR. Environ Sci Technol 37 2855-2860... 

Xing B (2001) Sorption of naphthalene and phenanthrene by soil humic acids. Environ Poll 111 303-309... 

Shand CA, Cheshire MV, Bedrock CN, Chapman PJ, Fraser AR, Chudek JA. Solid-phase P-13 NMR spectra of peat and mineral soils, humic acids and soil solution components influence of iron and manganese. Plant Soil 1999 214 153-163. 

Schulten H-F, Schnitzer M. Structural studies on soil humic acids by Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Soil Sci. 1992 153 205-224. 

Marine organisms are rich in nitrogen and therefore the humic compounds originating from them contain high amounts of nitrogen some sedimentary humic compounds contain up to 10 times as much sulfur as the soil humic acids The nitrogen content of soil humic compounds is generally low... 

Functional groups constitute about 20-30% of the humic molecules About 25% of soil humic acids and about 50-60% of a fulvic acid molecule consist of functional groups... 

Celi, L., Negre, M., and Gennari, M. Adsorption of the herbicide acifluorfen on soil humic acids. J. Agric. Food Chem., 44(10) 3388-3392, 1996. 

Fig. 16.34 Mineralization of [ C] toluene to (A) coupled to the reduction of AQDS or humus (B) by enriched Amsterdam petroleum harbor (APH) (A and B) sediments in anaerobic culture bottles containing phosphate-buffered basal medium supplemented with AQDS (5 mM) or with highly purified soil humic acids (12g/L). Uniformly C-labeled toluene was added at an initial concentration of 100p,M relative to the liquid volume. Unsupplemented controls were prepared in the same manner but without AQDS and humus. All data were corrected relative to the endogenous control (without C-labeled toluene addition). Data are means and standard deviations for triplicate incubations in each treatment d denotes days. (Cervantes et al. 2001). Reprinted with permission. Copyright American Society for Microbiology...

Johnston AE, Goulding KWT, Poulton PR (1986) Soil acidification during more than 100 years under permanent grassland and woodland at Rothamsted. Soil Use Manage 2 3-10 Kahn SU (1982) Bound pesticides residues in soil and plant. Residue Rev 84 1-25 Kan AT, Chen W, Tomson MB (2000) Desorption kinetics from neutral hydrophobic organic compounds from field contaminated sediment. Environ Pollution 108 81-89 Kang SH, Xing BS (2005) Phenanthrene sorption to sequentially extracted soil humic acids and humans. Environ Sci Technol 39 134-140... 

Sposito G (1981) The thermodynamics of soil solutions. Clarendon Press, Oxford Sposito G (1984) The surface chemistry of soils. Oxford University Press, Oxford Sposito G, Martin Neto L, Yang A (1996) Atrazine complexation by soil humic acids. J Environ Qual 25 1203-1209... 

The toxin is also likely to be adsorbed or complexed by soil humic acids. If the reaction is a simple adsorption reaction, all or part of the toxin might later become available for absorption by a receiver plant. If the toxin is complexed or precipitated by its reaction with soil humic substances, then it would be deactivated. 

Figure 9.10 (a) Schematic soil humic acid structure proposed by Schulten and Schnitzer (1997). Note that the symbols stand for a linkages in the macromolecules to more of the same types of structure. (b) Schematic seawater humic substances structure proposed by Zafiriou et al. (1984). (c) Schematic black carbon structure proposed by Sergides et al. (1987). 

Sposito, G., L. Martin-Neto, and A. Yang, Atrazine complexation by soil humic acids , J. Environ. Qual., 25, 1203-1209 (1996). 

Solid samples of soil humic acid gave a single line spectrum (Figure 1) at g values very close to 2.00. The intensity of the signal corresponded... 

Figure 3. CuO oxidation products for soil humic acid Farmer (7) and Steelink (13)...

Tor typical soil humic acid, based on data in Troeh and Thompson (23). 

Subsequent studies show that iodoalkanes of 1-4 carbons (2388) and chloroacetic acids form abiotically in soil (413), in addition to their well-known biogenic enzymatic formation. An abiotic source of CH3Br is suggested for the emission of this gas from ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and saltwort (Batis maritima), plants having known bromine content (2389). The emissions are a function of both temperature increase and bromine concentration. The natural formation of chloroethyne (58) in soil is also proposed to involve a Fenton reaction (382), as is the production of dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids from phenols and soil humic acid (413). 

Fahimi IJ, Keppler F, Schdler HF (2003) Formation of Chloroacetic Acids from Soil, Humic Acid and Phenolic Moieties. Chemosphere 52 513... 

Hayes, M. H. B., Dawson, J. E., Mortensen, J. L., Clapp, C. E., and Hausler, M. J. (1985). Comparisons of synthetic humic-like substances with soil humic acids. In Volunteered Papers, 2nd International Conference, International Humic Substances Society (Birmingham, 1984), Hayes, M. H. B., and Swift, R. S., eds., IHSS, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, pp. 

Martin, J. P., Richards, S. J., and Haider, K. (1967). Properties and decomposition and binding action in soil humic acid synthesized by Epicoccum nigrum. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 31, 657-662. 

Diallo, M. S., Simpson, A., Gassman, R, Faulon, J. L., Johnson, J. H., Jr., Godard, W. A., Ill, and Hatcher, P. G. (2003). 3-D structural modeling of humic acids through experimental characterization, computer assisted structure elucidation and atomic simulations. I. Chelsea soil humic acid. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37,1783-1793. 

Lu, Y., and Pignateho, J. J. (2004). Sorption of apolar aromatic compounds to soil humic acid particles affected by aluminum (III) ion cross-linking. J. Environ. Qual. 33,1314-1321. 

Figure 3.7. Phenanthrene sorption isotherms on (A) the whole Amherst peat soil humic acid, (B) montmorillonite and a montmorillonite-humic acid complex (5 1 ratio), and (C) kaolin-ite and kaolinite-humic acid complex (5 1 ratio). Insets in parts B and C are the respective isotherms presented on a linear scale. Reprinted from Wang, K., and Xing, B. (2005). Structural and sorption characteristics of adsorbed humic acid on clay minerals. J. Environ. Qual. 34, 342-349, with permission from the Soil Science Society of America.

Adani, E, and Tambone, F. (2005). Long-term effect of sewage sludge application on soil humic acids. Chemosphere 60,1214-1221. 

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