Soft tissues extraction

Tissue Conditioners. Tissue conditioners are gels designed to alleviate the discomfort from soft-tissue injury, eg, extractions. Under a load, they exhibit viscous flow, forming a soft cushion between the hard denture and the oral tissues. The polymer in tissue conditioners is often the same as that used for resilient liners. The liquid is a plasticizer containing an alcohol of low volatility (219,220). 

Thus, there was a total of 8 rats for evaluation in the control group and 12 in the experimental group. In the control group given an extract of fish alone, there were no neoplastic changes in the stomach or pancreas except an epithelial hyperplasia of the glandular stomach of one rat (Table 1), Instead, there were tumors in the testes, kidneys, and soft tissues, as are often seen in aged rats. 

Soft tissue Sample wet ashed, spiked with 243Am, purified by anion exchange, solvent extraction, and electrodeposition a -Spectrometry No data 98% Mclnroy et al. 1985... 

Soft tissue Sample wet ashed, purified by solvent extraction Liquid scintillation 1.3 pCi/100 cm3 96% at 20,000 dpm spike Ham et al. 1977... 

Chymotrypsin has also been utilized to promote debridement, as well as the reduction of soft tissue inflammation. It is also used in some opthalmic procedures, particularly in facilitating cataract extraction. It is prepared by activation of its zymogen, chymotrypsinogen, which is extracted from bovine pancreatic tissue. 

Due to false positives, zinc may confound interpretation of the paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) mouse bioassay, one of the routine tests used to measure shellfish safety for human consumption. For example, mice injected intraperitoneally with extracts of healthy oyster tissues showed extreme weakness, a drop in body temperature, cyanosis, and some deaths (McCulloch et al. 1989). The threshold for a toxic PSP response corresponds to a drained tissue zinc level >900 mg/kg FW, and this overlaps the zinc concentration range of 230 to 1650 mg/kg FW (1900 to 9400 mg/kg DW) recorded in healthy oyster soft tissues (McCulloch et al. 1989). 

The results of an antitumor screen are summarized in Table 8.1. The attrition table summarizes the results from 338,072 samples tested against tumor cells derived from soft tissue sarcomas. Given that the samples included one combinatorial collection with approximately 1.5 million compounds and that each natural product extract most likely contained 100 or more, the total number of compounds tested in this screen exceeded 5 million. As shown in the first column of Table 8.1, the samples were from 11 collections composed of single synthetics, compounds synthesized by combinatorial chemistries, and purified natural products and extracts. The natural products were derived from microorganisms (actinomyces and fungi), plants, and marine invertebrates. 

Bovine lower jaws were obtained from a local slaughterhouse. Teeth were extracted, adherent soft tissue was removed with a scalpel, and the teeth were incubated in a sodium hypochlorite solution (technical grade) for 2-3 hours. The tooth crowns and roots were separated with a water-cooled circular saw and the roots were kept in tapwater at 4°C until further use. 

Chemistry offers a reliable method of extracting information from a large variety of archaeological finds. Some of the most important of these are human remains. Human remains from ancient times are usually skeletons, as the soft tissues of the body decompose quickly. But in Egypt and a few other places, archaeologists have discovered more complete samples. Wealthy Egyptians, believing in an afterlife that required maintenance of the body, were often preserved after death. These... 

Lignocaine (2%) with adrenaline (1 80,000) is mostly used local anaesthetic in dentistry which produces good soft tissue and pulpal anaesthesia and also reduces post extraction bleeding. The pulpal anaesthesia is obtained within 2-3 minutes after injection and lasts for about on hour. 

Sing, N.P. and W. Wrenn. 1973. Determination of alpha-emitting uranium isotopes in soft tissue by solvent extraction and alpha-spectrometry. Talanta 30 271-274. 

The most characteristic toxic effects of white phosphorus are musculoskeletal effects. Victims of phosphorus poisoning tend to develop necrosis of both bone and soft tissue in the oral cavity. As a result, the j awbone may deteriorate and become brittle, a condition called phossy jaw. Instances of this malady have been reported among workers handling white phosphorus, and it is believed that direct exposure of the mouth and oral cavity have occurred as the result of poor hygiene practices. Those afflicted with phossy jaw tend to develop abscessed teeth, and the sockets remaining from the extraction of teeth heal poorly. Infections of the jaw around teeth accompanied by severe pain are common symptoms of phossy jaw. 

In medical imaging applications, contour extraction of an object of interest is important because it leads to quantitative measurements. Despite many years of software research and development, soft-tissue segmentation in radiologic images, and differentiation of objects of interest in histology specimens, are still a very... 

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an ideal tool for the study of ancient DNA because it has the ability to amplify a small number of intact DNA molecules that exist in a complex mixture of large amounts of partially degraded and modified templates. Of crucial importance for the use of ancient DNA extracts is the extent to which the damage limits or inhibits the enzymatic reaction. An observation often made is that the maximum sizes of amplifiable products are reduced in old, damaged DNA compared to modem DNA extracts.14 This is also true for DNA from ancient bones, which seem in many cases to allow for longer amplifications than soft tissues. For example, we have determined the maximum size of amplifiable DNA from 3500-year-old moas found at a dry cave site in New Zealand and found that, whereas soft tissues allowed the amplification of pieces only up to 120 bp, bone extracts from the same individual yielded products of up to 380 bp. However, DNA extracted from a modem ratite bird easily allowed the amplification of pieces of over 1000 bp.15... 

A DNA extraction protocol that has proved useful for most ancient tissues is a modification of the protocol initially published by Blin and Stafford.20 Approximately 0.1 g of small pieces of soft tissue is added to 5 ml of extraction buffer containing 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 2 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10 mM NaCl, 1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 10 mg/ml dithiothreitol (DTT), and 0.5 mg/ml proteinase K. Incubation at 37° with gentle agitation overnight will allow most or all of the tissue to go into solution. An equal volume of phenol, equilibrated with 1 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), is added. When the phenol is being equilibrated, care should be taken to use uncontaminated Tris buffer and to measure the pH only on aliquots that are removed from the water phase and then discarded. Two phenol extractions and one chloroform extraction are performed, and the water phase is concentrated and purified on a Centricon 30 microconcentrator (Amicon, Danvers, MA). The reten-tate can be stored frozen, preferably in a few aliquots. In all cases solutions should be manipulated with DNA-free positive displacement pipettes. 

Extraction and purification of the sample containing is not required as y-rays penetrate coloured solutions and soft tissue with negligible loss of energy. In the case of p-emitters, the scintillation solution must be colourless or quenching corrections must be applied. 

Soft tissue Spiked tissues wet ashed cleanup by coprecipitation, solvent extraction and electrodeposition a-Spectrometry (total uranium) 0.03 pg/ sample 85-92% Singh and Wrenn 1988... 

Vitamin D metabolites have been found in plants. En-teque Seca, a disease of cattle that graze on the plant Solanum glaucophyllum (malacoxalon) in South America, is characterized by calcinosis and soft-tissue calcification. Aqueous extracts of the leaves of this and other plants that have been used to treat uremic bone disease contain glycosides of l,25-(OH)2D. 

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