Sodium sulfide, reaction with acids

In 1983, Barton et al. described a new procedure for the oxidation of saturated hydrocarbons [1] by the use of metallic iron, adamantane, hydrogen sulfide or sodium sulfide, pyridine, acetic acid and a small amount of water. The reactions were run under air and afforded adamant-l-ol together with a mixture of adamant-2-ol and adamantanone. The substrate scope could be extended to other hydrocarbons. However, all of them led to product mixtures of the corresponding alcohol(s) and ketone (Scheme 3.1). 

In a series of publications (75JOC2600, 70JOC1965, 73JOC3087), Potts and coworkers have reported that cyclic amidines (290) readily condense with trichloromethylsulfenyl chloride (329) to yield the sulfenamides (330 Scheme 119). Treatment of the latter compounds with aromatic amines in the presence of triethylamine results in cyclization, possibly via an intermediate such as (331), to produce bicyclic products of type (332). Heterocycles (290) which have been used successfully in this reaction include 2-amino-l,3,4-thiadiazoles, 3-aminopyridazines, 2-aminopyrimidines, 2-aminopyrazines, 2-aminopyridines, 3-aminoisoxazoles and 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles. The sulfenamide derivative (330) of 2-aminopyridine also was found to react with sodium sulfide and with diethyl malonate to produce (333) and (334) respectively. Attempts to hydrolyze (332) to (295) under acidic conditions failed. 

Bulk aluminum may undergo the following dangerous interactions exothermic reaction with butanol, methanol, 2-propanol, or other alcohols, sodium hydroxide to release explosive hydrogen gas. Reaction with diborane forms pyrophoric product. Ignition on contact with niobium oxide + sulfur. Explosive reaction with molten metal oxides, oxosalts (nitrates, sulfates), sulfides, and sodium carbonate. Reaction with arsenic trioxide + sodium arsenate + sodium hydroxide produces the toxic arsine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, Incandescent reaction with formic acid. Potentially violent alloy formation with palladium, platinum at mp of Al, 600°C. Vigorous dissolution reaction in... 

AZOTURE de SODIUM (French) (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525°F/274°C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals copper, copper alloys, lead, silver, mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibro-momalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene. 

Certain salts, notably carbonates, sulfites, and sulfides, react with acids to form a gaseous product. Consider the reaction of sodium carbonate with hydrochloric acid. 

By reaction with hydrogen sulfide or with sodium sulfide in weakly acidic medium, the red-orange antimonous sulfide Sb2S3 precipitates from the solution of this complex. (It is soluble in 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid). The sulfide is soluble in alkaline hydroxides with the formation of antimonous anions SbOS, SbOS2, and SbS3 . 

Write balanced chemical, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for the reaction between aqueous solutions of sodium sulfide and hydrochloric acid. Hydrogen sulfide gas is produced, along with an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. 

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