Sodium nitrate handling

Storage and handling of bulk supply of sodium nitrate, and careless disposal and storage... 

Basically, an illuminating formulation is a mixture of a metallic fuel and an oxidizer besides some additives in order to modify the burning rate and radiation output and to enhance safety in handling. The Mg-sodium nitrate binder system appears to be a universal choice for illuminating formulations. The main reaction of the Mg-sodium nitrate binary system is (Equation 5.1) ... 

Dynamite was originally made by absorbing nitroglycerin into kieselguhr, a type of clay. Modern dynamite generally includes wood flour, ammonium nitrate, or sodium nitrate to absorb the nitroglycerin. Such a mixture is easy to handle and can be made to contain as much as 75% nitroglycerin and yet retain its solid form. 

Corrosion in steel systems handling wet oils can be inhibited with both organic and inorganic compounds. Effective organic compounds include various amines, lecithin, and mercaptobenzo-thiazole. The inorganic inhibitors include sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate. Chromates are not used because of their instability in the presence of organic matter. 

Commercially, lead azide is usually manufactured by precipitation in the presence of dextrine, which considerably modifies the crystalline nature of the product. The procedure adopted is to add a solution of dextrine to the reaction vessel, often with a proportion of the lead nitrate or lead acetate required in the reaction. The bulk solutions of lead nitrate and of sodium azide are, for safety reasons, usually in vessels on the opposite sides of a blast barrier. They are run into the reaction vessel at a controlled rate, the whole process being conducted remotely under conditions of safety for the operator. When precipitation is complete, the stirring is stopped and the precipitate allowed to settle the mother liquor is then decanted. The precipitate is washed several times with water until pure. The product contains about 95% lead azide and consists of rounded granules composed of small lead azide crystals it is as safe as most initiating explosives and can readily be handled with due care. 

During the preparation of this explosive liquid by interaction of sulfuryl chloride fluoride and sodium azide, traces of chlorine must be eliminated from the former to avoid detonation. The product is nearly as shock-sensitive as glyceryl nitrate and may explode on rapid heating. Solutions (25 wt%) in solvents may be handled safely. The corresponding fluoride is believed to behave similarly. 

The submitters used an oil bath. The checkers used a salt bath consisting of an equimolar mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite (Heat Transfer Salt). A salt bath should be handled only with proper precautions, which include wearing goggles and gloves and supporting the bath on a stand bolted to the bench. 

Materials Required Pure lead nitrate 0.0079 g ammonia-cyanide-sulphite mixture (dilute 35 ml of cone, ammonia solution having sp. gr. 0.88 and 3 ml of 10% w/v solution potassium cyanide (Caution deadly poisonous, use protective gloves while handling) to 100 ml, and then dissolving 0.15 g of sodium sulphite in this solution) 75 ml dithizone (pure) solution (0.005% w/v in chloroform) 7.5 ml chloroform 17.5 ml ... 

This substance is prepared by the action of a hot solution of lead nitrate on a solution of sodium dinitroresorcinate. The lead salt is precipitated as the solution cools. Lead dinitroresorcinate ignites from a direct flame readily and burns with great velocity. Its initiating action is weaker than that of lead styphnate and it is less sensitive to impact and friction than styphnate. It has therefore recently found application as a component of cap compositions. It is valuable because it is safer to handle than styphnate. The preparation of dinitroresorcinol is discussed in Vol. I, p. 536. 

Amifostine Amifostine is incompatible with many drugs such as acyclovir sodium, amphotericin, cefoperazone sodium, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, miconazole, minocycline hydrochloride, and prochlorpherazine edisylate.239 Care should be exercised when handling amyl nitrate, since it is highly flammable. Volatile nitrites, such as poppers, are abused and fatal adverse effects are reported.240,241... 

Hazards Wear gloves when handling sodium azide and mercury-II-nitrate. Sodium azide and mercury-II-nitrate are highly poisonous, and can be absorbed through the skin. 

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